Sex |
Male (248) | 30 | .80 | 1.0 (referent) |
Female (120) | 31 | | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) |
Religious characteristics |
Spirituality |
Low (87) | 20 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Moderate (164) | 29 | .01 | 2.0 (1.0–4.1)† |
High (116) | 39 | | 3.0 (1.5–6.1)† |
Intrinsic religiosity |
Low (110) | 30 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Moderate (106) | 22 | .08 | 0.9 (0.4–1.7) |
High (140) | 36 | | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) |
Attendance at religious services |
Never (29) | 40 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Once a month or less (157) | 28 | .43 | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) |
Twice a month or more (180) | 30 | | 0.8 (0.3–1.8) |
Religious affiliation |
None (37) | 40 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Catholic (75) | 32 | | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) |
Jewish (35) | 22 | .51 | 0.4 (0.2–1.3) |
Other religion (58) | 27 | | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) |
Protestant (162) | 29 | | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) |
Religious beliefs influence medicine |
Strongly disagree/disagree (143) | 27 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Agree (145) | 23 | <.001 | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) |
Strongly agree (76) | 49 | | 3.0 (1.6–5.5)† |
Intrinsic motivations for work |
Family emphasized service to poor |
Strongly disagree/disagree (77) | 20 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Agree (181) | 33 | .08 | 1.8 (0.9–3.5) |
Strongly agree (108) | 33 | | 1.9 (0.9–4.0) |
Practice of medicine is a calling |
Strongly disagree/disagree (103) | 25 | | 1.0 (referent) |
Agree (135) | 25 | .61 | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) |
Strongly agree (123) | 31 | | 1.5 (0.8–2.7) |