Background There is a lack of consensus about whether the initial imaging method for patients
with suspected nephrolithiasis should be computed tomography (CT) or ultrasonography. …

Objective: To define the strengths and weaknesses of existing research on the natural history
of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and to estimate rates of progression and …

Importance Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among US men.
Objective To systematically review evidence on prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based …

Background: Screening mammography has lower sensitivity and specificity in women with
dense breasts, who experience higher breast cancer risk. Purpose: To perform a systematic …

Background Information on the long-term risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
recurrence among women treated for CIN is limited yet critical for evidence-based surveillance …

Importance Cervical cancer can be prevented with detection and treatment of precancerous
cell changes caused primarily by high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hrHPV), the …

ContextOngoing efforts to improve the quality of reporting for randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
include the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement. We …

Background Although contemporary guidelines suggest that the intervals between Papanicolaou
tests can be extended to three years among low-risk women with previous negative …

Importance It has been estimated that in 2018 nearly 20% of adults in the US were currently
using a tobacco product. Objective To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of …

Background: Estimates of risk for radiation-induced breast cancer from mammography
screening have not considered variation in dose exposure or diagnostic work-up after abnormal …