RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Clock-Drawing Test as a Screening Tool for Cognitive Impairment Associated With Fecal Immunochemical Test Collection Errors
JF The Annals of Family Medicine
JO Ann Fam Med
FD American Academy of Family Physicians
SP 452
OP 459
DO 10.1370/afm.2855
VO 20
IS 5
A1 Jeanette M. Daly
A1 Yinghui Xu
A1 Seth D. Crockett
A1 Megan E. Schmidt
A1 Peter Kim
A1 Barcey T. Levy
YR 2022
UL http://www.annfammed.org/content/20/5/452.abstract
AB PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to determine if (1) certain demographic characteristics (potential predictors) of participants, and (2) clock-drawing test results (as a screening test for cognitive impairment) were associated with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) sample collection errors.METHODS Patients scheduled for an upcoming colonoscopy were asked to collect stool samples using 5 different FITs. Patients completed a questionnaire that included the clock-drawing test. Errors included mistakes or omissions in recording the stool collection date and errors in stool collection. Each clock drawing was scored by 2 reviewers using 2 established methods.RESULTS Of the 1,448 participants with a clock drawing, 63% were female with a mean age of 63 years. In this population there were 83% White, 6% Black, and 24% Hispanic persons. Cognitive impairment was found in 292 patients by the Mendes-Santos method. Kappa coefficient for the 2 clock-drawing scores was 0.79 (P <.001). The multivariable generalized linear mixed model for FIT collection errors indicated being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.64; 95% CI, 1.09-2.48), having an 8th grade or less education (AOR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.87-6.18), and having an abnormal Mendes-Santos method clock score (AOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.08-2.54) were associated with significantly more errors.CONCLUSION Among the participants who do not have dementia, FIT collection errors were made not only by those who had abnormal clock drawing, but also, by those with normal clock drawings. Subjects being female, having 8th grade education or less, and having an abnormal clock drawing scored by Mendes-Santos’s method were associated with FIT collection errors.