Table 3

Results of Secondary Outcomes (Continuous Variables)

T1T2Marginal Mean Differences
Secondary OutcomeNo.Mean (SD)No.Mean (SD)Mean at T2Difference I-Ca (95% CI)P Value b
VR-12 Physical Component Summary
    Control14039.5 (10.5)11840.9 (9.3)41.25-0.35 (-2.31 to 1.62).73
    Intervention14440.5 (11.0)12741.1 (10.7)40.91
VR-12 Mental Component Summary
    Control14054.7 (9.5)11854.8 (9.6)54.670.68 (-1.42 to 2.78).52
    Intervention14453.6 (11.5)12755.4 (10.4)55.35
EQ-5D-5L Index
    Control1390.839 (0.126)1180.850 (0.112)0.850-0.020 (-0.047 to 0.007).14
    Intervention1440.838 (0.145)1270.831 (0.152)0.830
  • EQ-5D-5L = 5-level EuroQol 5-dimensions questionnaire; I-C = intervention minus control; T1 = baseline; T2 = study end point at 4 months; VR-12 = Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey.

  • aDifference I-C = marginal mean at T2 (intervention) - marginal mean at T2 (control).

  • bMultilevel modeling (linear mixed model) comparing results at T2, adjusted for scores at T1 and the practice.