Proposed Artificial Intelligence Competencies by Learner Roles
| Domain | Medical Students | Residents All Prior Competencies + | Faculty All Prior Competencies + |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foundational knowledge | Explain the fundamentals of AI and how AI-based tools are created and evaluated | Explain the critical regulatory and socio-legal issues surrounding AI-based tools as they relate to practice | Explain, teach, and shape the current and emerging roles of AI in health care |
| Critical appraisal | Describe the validated evaluation frameworks for AI-based tools in health care | Appraise the evidence behind AI-based tools | Explain, teach, and contribute to the critical appraisal of AI-based tools |
| Medical decision making | Identify the appropriate indications for AI-based tools | Incorporate the outputs of AI-based tools into medical decision making | Model and study the use of AI in medical decision making to enhance effectiveness, value, and equity |
| Technical use | Identify the tasks needed to operate AI-based tools | Execute the tasks needed to operate AI-based tools in a manner that builds efficiency and mastery | Teach others to operate AI-based tools and execute the appropriate steps when these tools fail |
| Patient communication | Describe features of effective communication with patients regarding AI-based tools, including the rationale for their use, privacy, confidentiality, and shared decision making | Demonstrate effective communication regarding AI-based tools in simulated or real-world settings | Model effective communication in a manner that preserves or augments the clinician-patient relationship |
| Unintended consequences (cross-cutting) | Recognize the potential adverse effects of AI-based tools because of deficiencies in foundational knowledge, critical appraisal, medical decision making, technical use, and patient communication | Take appropriate actions to address potential adverse effects of AI-based tools | Anticipate and study the potential adverse effects of AI-based tools and model appropriate actions to mitigate them |
AI = artificial intelligence.