Characteristics of Study Patients
| Characteristic | Overall (N = 489) | Study Arm | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GEM (n = 220) | EUC (n = 269) | P Value | SMD | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 49.8 (12.1) | 49.2 (12.7) | 50.2 (11.6) | .39 | 0.08 |
| Height, mean (SD), in | 167.4 (10.2) | 167.9 (10.0) | 167.0 (10.3) | .29 | 0.10 |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 97.6 (19.7) | 98.0 (19.3) | 97.3 (20.0) | .68 | 0.04 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 34.8 (6.2) | 34.7 (6.1) | 34.8 (6.3) | .84 | 0.02 |
| Waist circumference, mean (SD), in | 43.0 (5.4) | 43.2 (5.3) | 42.8 (5.4) | .49 | 0.06 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 79.3 (11.9) | 80.2 (13.8) | 78.6 (10.2) | .13 | 0.14 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 125.5 (16.6) | 127.8 (18.1) | 123.7 (15.0) | .01 | 0.25 |
| Male, No. % | 216 (44.2) | 104 (47.3) | 112 (41.6) | .25 | 0.11 |
| CES-D-7 score, mean (SD)a | 4.8 (4.7) | 4.5 (4.7) | 5.0 (4.7) | .24 | 0.11 |
| Born in United States, No. (%) | 365 (74.6) | 162 (73.6) | 203 (75.5) | .72 | 0.04 |
| Food insecurity, No. (%) | .77 | 0.10 | |||
| Mild | 382 (78.1) | 176 (80.0) | 206 (76.6) | ||
| Moderate | 47 (9.6) | 18 (8.2) | 29 (10.8) | ||
| Severe | 42 (8.6) | 18 (8.2) | 24 (8.9) | ||
| NA | 18 (3.7) | 8 (3.6) | 10 (3.7) | ||
| Unemployed, No. (%) | 307 (62.8) | 139 (63.2) | 168 (62.5) | .94 | 0.02 |
| Race, No. (%) | .15 | 0.21 | |||
| Hispanic | 199 (40.7) | 99 (45.0) | 100 (37.2) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 213 (43.6) | 84 (38.2) | 129 (48.0) | ||
| Non-Hispanic other | 28 (5.7) | 12 (5.5) | 16 (5.9) | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 49 (10.0) | 25 (11.4) | 24 (8.9) | ||
| Spanish is primary language spoken at home, No. (%) | .51 | 0.10 | |||
| No | 426 (87.1) | 190 (86.4) | 236 (87.7) | ||
| Yes | 62 (12.7) | 29 (13.2) | 33 (12.3) | ||
| NA | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Moderate or vigorous nonwalking physical activity, mean (SD), min/wk | 681.8 (730.0) | 663.3 (715.4) | 697.2 (742.9) | .61 | 0.05 |
| Fruits and/or vegetables eaten today, No. (%) | .20 | 0.29 | |||
| ½ cup | 40 (8.2) | 15 (6.8) | 25 (0.3) | ||
| 1 cup | 111 (22.7) | 59 (26.8) | 52 (19.3) | ||
| 1½ cups | 64 (13.1) | 27 (12.3) | 37 (13.8) | ||
| 2 cups | 77 (15.7) | 33 (15.0) | 44 (16.4) | ||
| 2½ cups | 25 (5.1) | 6 (2.7) | 19 (7.1) | ||
| 3 cups | 120 (24.5) | 55 (25.0) | 65 (24.2) | ||
| None | 51 (10.4) | 25 (11.4) | 26 (9.7) | ||
| NA | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.4) | ||
| REAP-S score, mean (SD)b | 4.4 (1.2) | 4.5 (1.2) | 4.4 (1.2) | .14 | 0.13 |
| LDBQ score, mean (SD)c | 12.4 (4.7) | 12.4 (4.7) | 12.5 (4.7) | .76 | 0.03 |
| Regularly attended intensive program, No. (%) | .54 | 0.10 | |||
| No | 465 (95.1) | 209 (95.0) | 256 (95.2) | ||
| Yes | 23 (4.7) | 10 (4.5) | 13 (4.8) | ||
| NA | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Site, No. (%) | .07 | 0.18 | |||
| Veterans Affairs | 248 (50.7) | 101 (45.9) | 147 (54.6) | ||
| Montefiore Medical Group | 241 (49.3) | 119 (54.1) | 122 (45.4) | ||
CES-D-7 = Brief Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; EUC = enhanced usual care; GEM = Goals for Eating and Moving; LDBQ = Latino Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire; NA = not available; REAP-S = Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants; SMD = standardized mean difference.
↵a Possible scores range from 0 to 21. Higher score indicates higher level of depressive symptoms.
↵b Possible scores range from 2 to 6. Higher score indicates greater frequency of consuming sweets and salty snacks.
↵c Possible scores range from 6 to 30. Higher score indicates more healthful dietary behaviors.