Table 1.

Study Participant Characteristics (N = 1,216)

CharacteristicsValues
Age, mean (SD), y48.3 (12.3)
    Missing, No. (%)110 (9.0)
Gender, No. (%)
    Female759 (62.4)
    Male435 (35.8)
    Gender non-conforming4 (0.3)
    Non-binary2 (0.2)
    Chose not to disclose12 (1.0)
    Missing4 (0.3)
Race, No. (%)
    American Indian or Alaska Native3 (0.2)
    Asian112 (9.2)
    Black or African American58 (4.8)
    Middle Eastern or North African7 (0.6)
    Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander1 (0.1)
    White915 (75.2)
    Chose not to disclose33 (2.7)
    Missing87 (7.2)
Ethnicity, No. (%)
    Non-Hispanic1144 (94.1)
    Hispanic72 (5.9)
    Missing0 (0.0)
Degree earned, No. (%)
    EdD11 (0.9)
    DNP0 (0.0)
    DO115 (9.5)
    MD793 (65.2)
    MD/PhD or DO/PhD51 (4.2)
    PhD132 (10.9)
    Other doctoral level33 (2.7)
    Other nursing degree0 (0.0)
    Masters60 (4.9)
    Bachelors15 (1.2)
    Missing6 (0.5)
Year graduated, median (IQR)2005 (1994-2013)
    Missing, No. (%)11 (0.9)
Region (states), No. (%)
    New England (NH, MA, ME, VT, RI, CT)76 (6.3)
    Middle Atlantic (NY, PA, NJ)134 (11.0)
    South Atlantic (PR, FL, GA, SC, NC, VA, DC, WV, DE, MD)204 (16.8)
    East South Central (KY, TN, MS, AL)42 (3.5)
    East North Central (WI, MI, OH, IN, IL)229 (18.8)
    West South Central (OK, AR, LA, TX)86 (7.1)
    West North Central (ND, MN, SD, IA, NE, KS, MO)139 (11.4)
    Mountain (MT, ID, WY, NV, UT, AZ, CO, NM)106 (8.7)
    Pacific (WA, OR, CA, AK, HI)182 (15.0)
    Missinga18 (1.5)
Guttmacher Institute Classifications on abortion access, No. (%)b
    Very restrictive228 (18.8)
    Restrictive366 (30.1)
    Some restrictions/protections162 (13.3)
    Protective251 (20.6)
    Very Protective189 (15.5)
    Not groupedc3 (0.2)
    Missing17 (1.4)
Institution type, No. (%)
    Allopathic medical school644 (53.0)
    Osteopathic medical school59 (4.9)
    Not at a medical school506 (41.6)
    Missing7 (0.6)
Institution residency program, No. (%)
    Multiple residencies including family medicine853 (70.1)
    Multiple residencies not including family medicine18 (1.5)
    Only a family medicine residency278 (22.9)
    No residency education58 (4.8)
    Missing9 (0.7)
Practice population density, No. (%)
    Urban641 (52.7)
    Suburban382 (31.4)
    Rural185 (15.2)
    Missing8 (0.7)
Underserved area, No. (%)
    Yes342 (28.1)
    No752 (61.8)
    Unsure105 (8.6)
    Missing17 (1.4)
Role, No. (%)
    Administrator or manager44 (3.6)
    Behavioral or social science specialist75 (6.2)
    Chair or vice chair64 (5.3)
    Clerkship director24 (2.0)
    Coordinator16 (1.3)
    Faculty555 (45.6)
    Fellow13 (1.1)
    Nurse1 (0.1)
    Pharmacist14 (1.2)
    Practicing physician80 (6.6)
    Researcher59 (4.9)
    Residency director or associate director207 (17.0)
    Other61 (5.0)
    Missing3 (0.2)

  • DNP = doctor of nursing practice; DO = doctor of osteopathy; EdD = doctor of education; IQR = interquartile range; MD = doctor of medicine; PhD = doctor of philosophy

  • ↵a Includes responses from outside of the United States.

  • ↵b Using Guttmacher Institute’s Ranking as of February 2023.

  • ↵c Includes responses from Puerto Rico and responses from outside of the United States.