Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Sample
| Characteristic | Cohort 1 n = 100 | Cohort 2 n = 100 | Total N = 200 | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at ECG, median (Q1, Q3) | 40.5 | 35.6 | 38.6 | .041 |
| (32.5, 45.7) | (28.5, 44.0) | (30.3, 45.5) | ||
| Gender, no. (%) | 1.00 | |||
| Female | 99 (99.0) | 100 (100.0) | 199 (99.5) | |
| Transgender | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
| Race/ethnicity, no. (%) | .044 | |||
| Hispanic/Latino | 9 (9.0) | 14 (14.0) | 23 (11.5) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 17 (17.0) | 9 (9.0) | 26 (13.0) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 73 (73.0) | 70 (70.0) | 143 (71.5) | |
| Other/multiracial | 1 (1.0) | 7 (7.0) | 8 (4.0) | |
| Pregnancy status, no. (%) | .76 | |||
| Not pregnant | 95 (95.0) | 97 (97.0) | 192 (96.0) | |
| Pregnant | 3 (3.0) | 2 (2.0) | 5 (2.5) | |
| Postpartum (≤12 mo) | 2 (2.0) | 1 (1.0) | 3 (1.5) | |
| Clinical comorbid conditions, no. (%) | ||||
| Cancer | 6 (6.0) | 2 (2.0) | 8 (4.0) | .28 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 5 (5.0) | 1 (1.0) | 6 (3.0) | .21 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 17 (17.0) | 15 (15.0) | 32 (16.0) | .85 |
| Congestive heart failure | 18 (18.0) | 0 (0) | 18 (9.0) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 7 (7.0) | 2 (2.0) | 9 (4.5) | .17 |
| Diabetes with organ damage | 3 (3.0) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.5) | .25 |
| Hypertension | 20 (20.0) | 12 (12.0) | 32 (16.0) | .18 |
| Moderate to severe liver disease | 4 (4.0) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.0) | .12 |
| Moderate to severe renal disease | 19 (19.0) | 1 (1.0) | 20 (10.0) | <.001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 4 (4.0) | 1 (1.0) | 5 (2.5) | .37 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 4 (4.0) | 2 (2.0) | 6 (3.0) | .68 |
| Rheumatologic disease | 5 (5.0) | 3 (3.0) | 8 (4.0) | .72 |
| Ulcer | 2 (2.0) | 3 (3.0) | 5 (2.5) | 1.00 |
ECG = electrocardiography; Q = quartile.
↵a Fisher exact test.
Note: Cohort 1 participants were consecutive primary care clinic patients already scheduled/referred for echocardiography as part of their ongoing medical care, and cohort 2 participants were recruited consecutively at an outpatient primary care clinic.