Behavioral Change Subgroups for Each Outcome by Study Arm
| Behavior Change Groupsa | Intervention ArmbNo. (%) | Control Arm No. (%)b |
|---|---|---|
| a The maintained category means the participants had the same behavior identified at baseline and month 6 based upon self-report. The increased category means the participants were not at goal at baseline and reported at goal for the specific behavior at month 6. | ||
| b The sample size for each behavior does not equal the total study sample for each arm because of missing or incomplete data. | ||
| c Subset of the study population used to determine whether the intervention was significantly more effective in moving participants to at goal compared with the control intervention. | ||
| d For blood pressure measurement, the goal was to have had a blood pressure reading by physician within the last year. The category “Still no measurement within past year” reported no blood pressure measurement within a year of baseline and at month 6. The category “Measurement obtained” represents participants with no blood pressure measurement within a year at baseline but who reported a blood pressure measurement within a year at month 6. | ||
| e For cholesterol, the goal was a cholesterol level measurement within the last 5 years. The category “Still no measurement in past 5 y” means no cholesterol level was measured within 5 years from baseline to month 6. The category “Measurement obtained” represents participants with no cholesterol level measurement within 5 years at baseline but who reported cholesterol level measurement within 5 years at month 6. | ||
| f For blood glucose, the goal was a blood glucose level measurement within the last 2 years. The category “Still no measurement in past 2 y” means no blood glucose level measured within 2 years of baseline and month 6. The category “Measurement obtained” represents participants with no blood glucose level measurements within 2 years at baseline but who reported a blood glucose level measurement within 2 years at month 6. | ||
| Smoking | 2,110 | 1,278 |
| Maintained smokingc | 129 (6) | 78 (6) |
| Quit smokingc | 26 (2) | 17 (2) |
| Maintained never or former | 1,944 (92) | 1,177 (92) |
| Started smoking | 11 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Fruit and vegetable intake | 2,111 | 1,278 |
| Maintained <5 servings a dayc | 1,560 (74) | 973 (76) |
| Increased to >5 servings a dayc | 193 (9) | 89 (7) |
| Maintained ≥5 servings a day | 261 (12) | 159 (12) |
| Moved to <5 servings a day | 97 (5) | 57 (5) |
| Physical activity | 2,033 | 1,236 |
| Maintained physical activity <5–6 times a week for <30 min each eventc | 1,249 (62) | 782 (63) |
| Increased physical activity 5–6 times a week for ≥30 min each eventc | 218 (11) | 99 (8) |
| Maintained 5–6 times a week for ≥30 min each event | 412 (20) | 240 (20) |
| Decreased physical activity <5–6 times a week for <30 min each event | 152 (7) | 114 (9) |
| Aspirin use | 1,959 | 1,159 |
| Maintained <3 d/wkc | 1,458 (74) | 775 (67) |
| Increased to ≥3 d/wkc | 150 (8) | 76 (7) |
| Maintained ≥3 d/wk | 307 (16) | 251 (22) |
| Decreased to <3 d/wk | 44 (2) | 57 (5) |
| Blood pressure measuredd | 2,110 | 1,277 |
| Still no measurement within past yearc | 16 (1) | 7 (1) |
| Measurement obtainedc | 147 (7) | 78 (6) |
| Measurement within 1 y for entire study | 1,896 (90) | 1,155 (91) |
| Measurement no longer within 1 y | 51 (2) | 37 (3) |
| Cholesterol level measurede | 2,025 | 1,203 |
| Still no measurement in past 5 yc | 42 (2) | 13 (1) |
| Measurement obtainedc | 51 (2) | 31 (3) |
| Measurement within 5 y for entire study | 1,857 (92) | 1,124 (93) |
| Measurement lapsed | 75 (4) | 35 (3) |
| Blood glucose level measuredf | 1,726 | 1,034 |
| Still no measurement in past 2 yc | 103 (6) | 54 (5) |
| Measurement obtainedc | 120 (7) | 51 (5) |
| Measurement within 2 y for entire study | 1,466 (85) | 906 (88) |
| Measurement lapsed | 37 (2) | 23 (2) |