Table 1.

Sample of Card Studies in SNOCAP

Question	Who Completed Survey Cards	No. of Practices	No. of Clinicians	No. of Cards Distributed
DMII = type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA_1c = glycated hemoglobin; NA = not available; PBRN = practice-based research network: SNOCAP = State Networks of Colorado Ambulatory Practices and Partners.
^a Questions initiated by PBRN practicing clinician.
Condition-specfic card study
What factors influence changes in type 2 diabetes treatment?¹⁴^,¹⁵	Clinicians: card attached to all HbA_1c laboratory results	19	88	483
What factors influence changes in blood pressure treatment in type 2 diabetes?¹⁶^,a	Clinicians: card attached to all DMII patient visits	26	NA	778
To determine the adherence to Institute for Safe Medication Practices recommendations regarding sample provision in primary care¹⁷	Site visit  Clinicians and patients: when sample medications given out	17	NA	585 (clinician)  27 (patient)
What are the primary reasons a pharmacy calls to clarify a prescription?¹⁸	Nurses: after every pharmacy prescription clarification call	22	NA	567
What types of medical errors occur in ambulatory primary care?¹⁹^,²⁰	Practice clinicians, nurses, or staff: anonymous or confidential cards	33	475	708
What are the presenting features of acanothosis nigricans?	Physicians: using a personal digital assistant (PDA)	2	20	311
Prevalence card study
What is the impact of patient medication requests on the clinical encounter?²¹^,a	Clinicians: card placed on every chart at time of visit	22	168	1,647
What factors influence referral for Mental Health services? ^a	Clinicians: card placed on every chart at time of visit	30	170	1,693
Description of clinical information missing at the time of visit²²^,a	Clinicians: card placed on every chart at time of visit	32	253	1,614
What factors are associated with colorectal cancer screening in rural primary care?	Clinicians   Nurses/staff   Patients	21	46  63	570 (patient)
What factors are associated with colorectal cancer screening in rural primary care?	Clinicians   Nurses/staff  Patients	42	94  118	851 (patient)
What is the prevalence of underinsurance in ambulatory primary care?²³^,a	Patients: card given to every patient on day 1	37	NA	1,133
Description of ambulatory care patients and encounters²⁴^,²⁵	Clinicians: card for every other patient until 100 completed	7	NA	2,773
Description of smoking identification and cessation activities	Site visit  Staff and clinicians  Patients	7	NA	465 (clinician)  627 (patient)
What are the current practices for screening women of reproductive age for alcohol abuse?	Clinicians and nurses: clinician- and patient-linked cards			Funded, in development