Receipt of Preventive Services by Survey Wave in Selected Subgroups (Weighted Percentages)
| HRS | AHEAD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pap Test | Mammogram | Pap Test | Mammogram | |||||
| Variables | 1996n=4,370 | 2000n=4,854 | 1996n=4,370 | 2000n=4,854 | 1995n=3,818 | 2000n=3,040 | 1995n=3,818 | 2000n=3,040 |
| Pap = Papanicolaou; HRS = Health and Retirement Study; AHEAD = Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old. | ||||||||
| * Income categories: HRS – 1996: 1, ≤ $13,000; 2, $13,001-$31,600; 3, $31,601-$58,269; 4, > $58,269. 2000: 1, ≤ $8,295; 2, $8,296-$20,420; 3, $20,421-$49,504; 4, >$49,504. AHEAD – 1995: 1, ≤ $10,560; 2, $10,561-$18,000; 3, $18,001-$30,000; 4, > $30,000. 2000: 1, ≤ $8,400; 2, $8,401-$12,000; 3, $12,001-$18,840; 4, > $18,840. | ||||||||
| † Subjective life expectation: HRS: “(What is the percent chance) that you will live to be 75 or more?” AHEAD: “(Using a number from 0 to 100) what do you think are the chances that you will live another 5 years?” | ||||||||
| Demographic | ||||||||
| Age, years | ||||||||
| 50–54 | 74 | 74 | 72 | 79 | – | – | – | – |
| 55–59 | 69 | 73 | 72 | 76 | – | – | – | – |
| 60–64 | 63 | 70 | 71 | 78 | – | – | – | – |
| 70–74 | – | – | – | – | 54 | 57 | 65 | 77 |
| 75–79 | – | – | – | – | 44 | 47 | 59 | 65 |
| 80–84 | – | – | – | – | 31 | 36 | 43 | 54 |
| 85–89 | – | – | – | – | 23 | 25 | 37 | 42 |
| White | 68 | 70 | 72 | 77 | 42 | 43 | 54 | 62 |
| Black | 68 | 70 | 73 | 78 | 47 | 44 | 57 | 58 |
| Socioeconomic | ||||||||
| Completed high school | 71 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 46 | 48 | 61 | 68 |
| Not completed high school | 57 | 60 | 60 | 69 | 35 | 35 | 44 | 49 |
| Born in the United States | 68 | 70 | 72 | 77 | 42 | 44 | 54 | 62 |
| Born abroad | 70 | 68 | 71 | 77 | 38 | 43 | 50 | 61 |
| Married | 71 | 73 | 75 | 81 | 49 | 52 | 64 | 71 |
| Not married | 61 | 63 | 64 | 70 | 38 | 38 | 48 | 56 |
| Income category* | ||||||||
| 1 | 58 | 65 | 59 | 73 | 35 | 34 | 44 | 49 |
| 2 | 65 | 64 | 69 | 73 | 42 | 41 | 54 | 58 |
| 3 | 70 | 69 | 76 | 77 | 44 | 47 | 58 | 67 |
| 4 | 80 | 80 | 85 | 87 | 50 | 51 | 63 | 71 |
| Health | ||||||||
| Smokers | 57 | 58 | 60 | 64 | 41 | 36 | 51 | 52 |
| Non smokers | 71 | 72 | 75 | 81 | 42 | 44 | 54 | 62 |
| Less physical activity | – | 66 | – | 75 | – | 40 | – | 58 |
| Vigorous exercise | – | 74 | – | 80 | – | 52 | – | 70 |
| Health excellent, very good, good | 70 | 72 | 73 | 79 | 45 | 46 | 56 | 64 |
| Health poor or fair | 60 | 63 | 66 | 72 | 36 | 38 | 50 | 57 |
| Cognitively normal | – | – | – | – | 44 | 44 | 57 | 64 |
| Cognitively impaired | – | – | – | – | 34 | 40 | 40 | 48 |
| Subjective life expectation† | ||||||||
| 0%–33% | 61 | 64 | 65 | 73 | 37 | 36 | 48 | 54 |
| 34%–66% | 64 | 69 | 70 | 77 | 48 | 49 | 63 | 68 |
| 67%–100% | 73 | 74 | 75 | 81 | 49 | 50 | 60 | 67 |
| Health care | ||||||||
| Uninsured | 46 | 49 | 44 | 52 | – | – | – | – |
| Insured | 71 | 71 | 75 | 80 | – | – | – | – |
| No additional private insurance | – | – | – | – | 37 | 43 | 45 | 62 |
| Additional private insurance | – | – | – | – | 43 | 61 | 57 | 74 |
| Not in hospital last year | 68 | 70 | 71 | 77 | 43 | 44 | 54 | 62 |
| Hospitalized in the last year | 64 | 66 | 73 | 78 | 39 | 42 | 53 | 61 |
| 0–2 physician visits last year | 59 | 57 | 59 | 63 | 41 | 33 | 50 | 47 |
| 3–5 physician visits last year | 73 | 75 | 78 | 82 | 44 | 44 | 56 | 62 |
| 6+ physician visits last year | 72 | 74 | 78 | 82 | 42 | 46 | 57 | 66 |