Table 3

Construct Validity: Mean Physician Trust Scores by Clinician-Reported Behaviors and Patient Diagnoses

Full ScalebFactor 1: Patient RolecFactor 2: Respect for Boundariesd
VariableNo.aMean±SDP ValueeMean±SDP ValueeMean±SDP Valuee
Clinician-reported behaviorsf
Ordered toxicology screen<.001.001<.001
 Yes3237.4±10.623.7±8.013.8±4.4
 No12745.1±10.328.8±7.616.3±4.0
Discontinued opioid because violated agreement.14.13.77
 Yes834.4±9.222.5±7.512.4±4.7
 No6040.5±10.527.0±8.014.4±4.2
Did not prescribe opioid because concerned about misuse<.001<.001<.001
 Yes2634.3±10.622.3±7.712.0±4.7
 No13745.1±9.928.6±7.716.4±3.7
Patient reported opioid lost or stolen.008.057.003
 Sometimes/often/very often2136.5±10.524.2±7.412.3±5.0
 Never/rarely8743.7±10.627.9±8.115.8±4.1
Patient has used opioid to get high<.001<.001<.001
 Definitely/probably/maybe3736.5±10.023.4±11.013.2±4.0
 Probably not/definitely not7344.8±10.428.8±7.816.0±4.1
Patient has sold, traded, stolen, given away opioid<.001<.001<.001
 Definitely/probably/maybe4636.3±9.523.0±7.113.2±4.8
 Probably not/definitely not6446.2±10.129.8±7.616.4±3.7
Patient diagnoses
Diabetes.53.33.78
 Yes1944.9±13.829.4±10.115.6±4.4
 No14643.2±10.127.4±7.615.8±4.0
Peripheral neuropathy.87.78.26
 Yes7743.4±11.327.9±8.315.5±4.5
 No7943.2±10.427.3±7.915.9±4.0
History of cancer.89.95.98
 Yes1342.6±12.227.4±8.915.2±4.3
 No15243.5±10.527.2±7.915.8±4.2

  • ↵a Numbers of patients do not total to 168 because of missing data.

  • ↵b Possible scores range from 0 to 60; higher scores indicate greater trust.

  • ↵c Possible scores range from 0 to 40; higher scores indicate greater trust.

  • ↵d Possible scores range from 0 to 20; higher scores indicate greater trust.

  • ↵e P values were calculated by a generalized linear mixed model to account for clustering by clinician.

  • ↵f In the past 12 months.