Table 3

Logistic Modeling Results for the Provision of After-hours Care and On-call Participation

Characteristic	Model 1: Rural OR (95% CI)	Model 2: Urban OR (95% CI)	Model 3: Metropolitan OR (95% CI)
Panel A: Urgent After-Hours Care
Sex (female)	0.46 (0.35-0.59)^a	0.54 (0.45-0.65)^a	0.66 (0.58-0.75)^a
Year	0.94 (0.90-0.98)^c	0.89 (0.86-0.91)^a	0.87 (0.85-0.89)^a
Age, y
35-<45	0.77 (0.57-1.04)	0.69 (0.55-0.86)^c	0.8 (0.69-0.92)^c
45-<55	0.75 (0.55-1.04)	0.56 (0.44-0.71)^a	1.02 (0.88-1.18)
55-<65	0.42 (0.30-0.59)^a	0.47 (0.37-0.61)^a	0.94 (0.80-1.10)
≥65	0.23 (0.15-0.36)^a	0.3 (0.22-0.41)^a	0.71 (0.59-0.86)^b
Training (international)	1.22 (0.97-1.55)	0.98 (0.83-1.15)	0.86 (0.76-0.97)^c
Proportion APP	0.41 (0.29-0.58)^a	0.89 (0.69-1.16)	0.63 (0.54-0.73)^a
Proportion female	6.43 (3.15-13.14)^a	3.67 (2.02-6.69)^a	2.82 (2.03-3.91)^a
Proportion aged ≥65 y	5.5 (2.69-11.22)^a	2.66 (.64-4.30)^a	3.27 (2.51-4.27)^a
Proportion >1 chronic ADGs	4.44 (2.18-9.04)^a	2.45 (1.40-4.28)^c	1.86 (1.39-2.50)^a
Proportion low SES	0.24 (0.13-0.46)^a	1.71 (0.92-3.21)	0.39 (0.27-0.57)^a
Panel B: On-call rota participation
Sex (female)	0.56 (0.43-0.73)^a	0.59 (0.48-0.72)^a	0.81 (0.70-0.94)^c
Year (continuous)	0.93 (0.90-0.97)^b	0.96 (0.93-0.98)^c	0.93 (0.91-0.95)^a
Age, y
35-<45	0.84 (0.66-1.07)	0.78 (0.65-0.94)^c	0.73 (0.64-0.84)^a
45-<55	0.77 (0.58-1.01)	0.63 (0.51-0.78)^a	0.67 (0.58-0.79)^a
55-<65	0.44 (0.33-0.60)^a	0.47 (0.37-0.59)^a	0.47 (0.40-0.56)^a
≥65	0.16 (0.10-0.24)^a	0.3 (0.22-0.40)^a	0.32 (0.25-0.40)^a
Training (international)	1.3 (1.03-1.64)^c	1.33 (1.12-1.59)^c	1.08 (0.93-1.26)
Proportion APP	5.51 (3.76-8.06)^a	4.35 (3.46-5.46)^a	2.16 (1.89-2.46)^a
Proportion female	0.75 (0.39-1.44)	1.39 (0.84-2.32)	1.38 (1.04-1.84)^c
Proportion aged ≥65 y	1.36 (0.71-2.60)	1.29 (0.83-2.02)	1.35 (1.04-1.74)^c
Proportion >1 chronic ADGs	2.6 (1.41-4.83)^c	5.54 (3.45-8.89)^a	3.02 (2.29-3.99)^a
Proportion low SES	0.45 (0.25-0.82)^c	3.18 (1.80-5.64)^a	0.77 (0.56-1.08)

ADG = aggregated diagnostic groupings; APP = alternative payment plan; OR = odds ratio; SES = socioeconomic status.
↵a P <.0001
↵b P <.001
↵c P <.05