Summary of Clinic and Participant Characteristics
| Primary Site | Secondary Sites | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | A | B | C | D |
| Note: all clinics used a Logician (Windows-based) brand EHR from GE Medical Systems Information Technologies, Hillsboro, Ore: http://www.medicalogic.com/index.html. | ||||
| FP = family physician; FNP = family nurse-practitioner; EHR = electronic health record. Functions: AC = automated charting; VR = voice recognition (trial only); R = computerized referrals; MM = mobile examination room monitor; FS = flat screen monitor; IE = internal electronic mail; HI = home Internet ; MC = mixed (paper and automated) charting; D = dictation commonly used; FM = fixed monitor; B = computerized billing; EE = external electronic mail (with patients). | ||||
| *Including videotaped and participant observations. | ||||
| Clinic | ||||
| Location | Urban | Urban | Suburban/Rural | Urban |
| Encounters observed | 52 | 14 | 10 | 5 |
| Physicians | ||||
| Professional status | 5 FPs,1 FNP | 8 FPs,1 FNP | 4 FPs | 5 Internists |
| No. observed | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Age range, y | 36 – 48 | 33 – 53 | 34 – 40 | 33 – 48 |
| Years of post-training | 6 – 18 | 3 – 20 | 5 – 8 | 2 – 19 |
| Years experience with EHRs | 2 – 6 | 3 – 7 | 4 – 6 | 2 – 9 |
| Self-reported EHR skill level average, above average, or excellent | All | All | All | All |
| Patients | ||||
| Age range | 18 mo – 94 y | 5 mo – 70 y | 4 mo – 64 y | 31 – 64 y |
| Male, % | 44 | 7 | 40 | 20 |
| Female, % | 56 | 93 | 60 | 80 |
| Patient complaint | ||||
| Urgent, % | 52 | 36 | 44 | 60 |
| Chronic, % | 48 | 64 | 56 | 40 |
| EHR functions available | AC, VR, R, MM, FS, IE, HI | MC, D, R, FM, IE, HI | MC, R, FM, IE, HI | AC, R, B, MM, FS, IE, EE, HI |