Table 5.

Results of Regression Analyses (β) for Health Services: Extreme Utilization

Model	Frequent Primary Care Use	Frequent Ambulatory Use	Polypharmacy
Note: Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity (black), employment (full-time), married.
HL P=Hosmer-Lemeshow P value.
^a P ≤.005.
^b P ≤.001.
^c P ≤.05.
^d P ≤.01.
^e P ≤.1.
Model 1
Number of problems	0.492^a	0.647^b	0.810^b
R² (P)	.199 (.109)	.299 (.002)	.472 (.000)
HL P	.272	.494	.690
Model 2
Number of problems	0.436^c	0.561^b	0.769^b
Impaired functional status	0.342	0.694^d	0.394
R² (P)	.227 (.098)	.394 (.000)	.496 (.000)
HL P	.912	.853	.982
Model 3
Number of problems	0.456^c	0.580^a	0.833^b
Impaired functional status	0.083	0.709^c	0.083
Symptoms
Physical	1.370^c	0.323	0.135
Psychological	−0.237	−0.503	0.363
Social	−0.021	−0.277	0.389
Spiritual	−0.477	0.378	0.003
R² (P)	.327 (.072)	.419 (.001)	.546 (.000)
HL P	.784	.717	.994
Model 4
Number of problems	0.457^c	0.691^a	1.047^b
Impaired functional status	0.286	0.815^c	−0.007
Symptoms
Physical	2.135^e	−0.113	−0.338
Psychological	0.038	0.227	0.323
Social	0.917	0.611	1.773^c
Spiritual	1.780	1.861^e	0.860
Symptom interactions
Physical-spiritual	−0.006	0.002	0.003
Psychological-spiritual	−0.008	−0.016	−0.001
Social-spiritual	−0.010^e	−0.007	−0.009^c
R² (P)	.413 (.045)	.475 (.001)	.594 (.000)
HL P	.951	.954	.817