Positive and Negative Predictive Values for Depressive Episode and Standard CES-D Cutoff Scores
| Risk Level | Depressive Episode (≥4 Symptoms) | CES-D Score >28a | CES-D Score >23b | CES-D Score >16c |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CES-D=Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression scale. | ||||
| a Severe depressed mood. | ||||
| b Moderate depressed mood or greater. | ||||
| c Mild depressed mood or greater. | ||||
| Positive predictive value | ||||
| 4 | 15.5 | 23.6 | 30.9 | 60.9 |
| 3 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 9.1 | 53.6 |
| 2 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 6.4 | 33.1 |
| ≤1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 10.6 |
| Negative predictive value <1 | 99.3 | 99.5 | 99.1 | 89.4 |
| Total sample prevalence | 2.79 | 3.6 | 5.5 | 25.1 |