Table 4.

Chronic Disease Management Measures Across Models

Measures	CHC	FFS	FHN	HSO	PValue
ACEI/ARB = antiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/antiotensin receptor blockers; CHC = community health center; FFS = fee for service; FHN = family health network; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HSO = health service organization.
Note: Values, unless otherwise stated, are expressed as percentage of charts on which the individual manoeuvre was noted.
^aGenerated from contingency table using Pearson χ² statistic.
^bGenerated with analysis of variance.
^cResult of regression analysis with only model dummy variables.
^dP <.01 compared with CHC as reference.
^eP <.001 compared with CHC as reference.
^fP <.05 compared with CHC as a reference.
^gResult of regression analysis with model dummy variables and adjusted for patient age and sex.
^hPercentage of patients with HbA_1c ≤ 7.0
ⁱPercentage of patients with average target blood pressure in previous 6 months. Target blood pressure was 130/80 mm Hg for patients with diabetes and 140/90 mm Hg for all others.
^jP <.05 compared to HSO as reference.
^kP <.001 compared to HSO as reference.
Process measures
Diabetes, %
Foot examination documented in previous 2 y	63	29	39	39	<.001^a
Eye examination in previous 2 y	61	44	38	37	.005^a
ACEI/ARB in previous 2 y	71	64	65	73	.536^a
2 HbA_1c tests in previous 1 y	73	57	54	48	.007^a
Overall diabetes score	69	52	53	54	<.001^b
Coronary artery disease, %
Aspirin documented in previous 2 y	80	75	72	75	.81^a
β-Blocker documented in previous 2 y	80	67	62	73	.18^a
Statin documented in previous 2 y	76	81	64	76	.14^a
Overall coronary artery disease score	79	74	66	75	.11^b
Congestive heart failure, %
ACEI/ARB in previous 2 y	63	93	93	84	.17^a
β-Blocker in previous 2 y	50	47	47	68	.51^a
Overall congestive heart failure score	56	70	70	76	.56^b
Overall chronic disease management score, %
Total score, mean	72	61	60	64	.003^b
Unadjusted difference in score^c	Ref	−11^d	−12^e	−8^f
Adjusted difference in score^g	Ref	−13^e	−15^e	−10^d
Outcome measures: intermediate clinical outcome
Diabetes
Target HbA_1c, %^h	56	54	61	55	.83^a
Last HbA_1c level, mean %	7.3	7.1	6.8	7.2	.23^b
Hypertension
Target blood pressure, %ⁱ	38	40	39	44	.65^a
Systolic blood pressure, mean, mm Hg	138^j	135.2	137	135.3	.055^b
Diastolic blood pressure, mean, mm Hg	81.2^j	80.4^k	80.1^k	76.7	.007^b