Baseline Clinical and Demographic Characteristics by Depression
| Variable | Total | No Depression | Minor Depression | Major Depression |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aMedical comorbidity, excluding comorbidity associated with diabetes and depression. | ||||
| Number | 4,184 | 3,334 (79.7) | 357 (8.5) | 493 (11.8) |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 64.0 (12.5) | 64.7 (12.2) | 64.5 (13.2) | 59.6 (12.8) |
| Female, n (%) | 2,030 (48.5) | 1,564 (46.9) | 180 (50.4) | 286 (58.0) |
| Nonwhite, n (%) | 879 (21.0) | 679 (20.4) | 95 (26.6) | 105 (21.3) |
| High school or less, n (%) | 1,057 (25.3) | 808 (24.2) | 113 (31.7) | 136 (27.6) |
| Marital status single, n (%) | 1,390 (33.2) | 1,060 (31.8) | 127 (35.6) | 203 (41.2) |
| Diabetes duration, mean (SD), years | 8.6 (8.2) | 8.5 (8.2) | 10.0 (9.0) | 8.8 (7.3) |
| HbA1C, mean (SD), % | 7.8 (1.5) | 7.7 (1.5) | 7.9 (1.6) | 8.1 (1.7) |
| Treatment, n (%) | ||||
| None or diet | 1,078 (25.8) | 913 (27.4) | 80 (22.4) | 85 (17.2) |
| Hypoglycemic only | 1,971 (47.1) | 1,607 (48.2) | 161 (45.1) | 203 (41.2) |
| Any insulin | 1,135 (27.1) | 814 (24.4) | 116 (32.5) | 205 (41.6) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2,565 (61.3) | 2,029 (60.9) | 231 (64.7) | 305 (61.9) |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 31.7 (7.2) | 31.2 (6.7) | 32.3 (7.0) | 35.0 (9.1) |
| Physical activity 1 d/wk or more, n (%) | 1,362 (32.6) | 969 (29.1) | 159 (44.5) | 234 (47.5) |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 362 (8.7) | 246 (7.4) | 38 (10.6) | 78 (15.8) |
| RXRiska | 3,132 (2403) | 3,049 (2297) | 3,383 (2472) | 3,508 (2944) |