Multivariate Analysis of Variance Showing the Association of Change in Mental Health at Year 3 and Incident Abuse, Controlling for Baseline Psychosocial Characteristics
| Change in No. of Depressive Symptoms at 3-Year Follow-up | Change in MCS Score at 3-Year Follow-up | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Parameter Estimate (95% CI) | Parameter Estimate (95% CI) | OverallP Value |
| CI=confidence interval; MCS = mental component summary, from the RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0. | |||
| Abuse | |||
| Incident abuse (vs no abuse) | |||
| Physical abuse only (n = 136) | 0.20 (−0.21 to 0.60) | −1.12 (−2.45 to 0.21) | .006 |
| Verbal abuse only (n = 6,133) | 0.18 (0.11 to 0.24) | −0.55 (−0.75 to −0.34) | <.001 |
| Physical and verbal abuse (n = 483) | 0.15 (−0.05 to 0.36) | −0.44 (−1.11 to −0.22) | <.001 |
| Baseline psychosocial characteristics | |||
| Depressive symptoms | −0.20 (−0.23 to −0.16) | <.001 | |
| MCS score | 0.06 (0.05 to 0.06) | <.001 | |
| Social support | −0.01 (−0.01 to −0.01) | 0.05 (0.04 to 0.06) | <.001 |
| Social strain | 0.07 (0.06 to 0.08) | −0.24 (−0.27 to −0.22) | <.001 |
| Optimism | −0.04 (−0.05 to −0.04) | 0.16 (0.14 to 0.18) | <.001 |
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age, years (vs 50–58 years) | |||
| 59–64 | −0.08 (−0.13 to −0.03) | 0.59 (0.44 to 0.74) | <.001 |
| 65–69 | −0.07 (−0.12 to −0.02) | 0.61 (0.45 to 0.77) | <.001 |
| 70–79 | 0.01 (−0.05 to 0.06) | 0.41 (0.23 to 0.60) | <.001 |
| Race (vs non-Hispanic Whites) | |||
| American Indian | −0.05 (−0.13 to 0.03) | 0.10 (−0.16 to 0.36) | <.001 |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0.22 (0.11 to 0.33) | −0.24 (−0.61 to 0.13) | <.001 |
| African American | 0.19 (−0.11 to 0.49) | −0.29 (−1.29 to 0.71) | .005 |
| Hispanic American | −0.36 (−0.46 to −0.25) | −0.08 (−0.42 to 0.27) | <.001 |
| Unknown | 0.24 (0.08 to 0.40) | −0.44 (−0.96 to 0.09) | <.001 |
| Education (vs college graduate) | |||
| High school diploma or less | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.27 (0.08 to 0.46) | <.001 |
| Some college/technical school | 0.08 (0.04 to 0.13) | 0.07 (−0.08 to 0.22) | <.001 |
| Income (vs $75,000+) | |||
| <$20,000 | 0.22 (0.14 to 0.29) | −0.67 (−0.92 to −0.42) | <.001 |
| $20,000–$34,999 | 0.13 (0.07 to 0.19) | −0.52 (−0.72 to −0.32) | <.001 |
| $35,000–$49,999 | 0.07 (0.01 to 0.13) | −0.16 (−0.35 to 0.03) | <.001 |
| $50,000–$74,999 | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.09) | −0.12 (−0.30 to 0.06) | <.001 |
| Marital status (vs presently married) | |||
| Never married | −0.11 (−0.20 to −0.01) | 0.32 (0.00 to 0.64) | <.001 |
| Divorced | −0.06 (−0.13 to 0.01) | 0.13 (−0.10 to 0.37) | <.001 |
| Widowed | −0.22 (−0.29 to −0.15) | 0.99 (0.75 to 1.22) | <.001 |
| Smoking status (vs never smoked) | |||
| Past smoker | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.10) | −0.05 (−0.17 to 0.08) | <.001 |
| Current smoker | 0.22 (0.14 to 0.30) | −1.06 (−1.32 to −0.80) | <.001 |
| Alcohol use (vs past or never drank) | |||
| <1 Drink per week | −0.04 (−0.90 to 0.01) | 0.07 (−0.08 to 0.23) | <.001 |
| ≥1 Drink per week | −0.04 (−0.09 to 0.00) | 0.04 (−0.12 to 0.19) | <.001 |
| How much does your religion comfort you (vs little/none) | |||
| A great deal | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) | 0.12 (−0.01 to 0.25) | <.001 |
| Living alone (vs no) | |||
| Yes | −0.06 (−0.12 to 0.00) | 0.25 (0.04 to 0.46) | .005 |