Table 2.

Studies Included in the Review of Nontherapeutic Male Circumcision

Study	Location	Outcomes Analyzed	Study Groups	No. of Patients Randomized	Age at Circumcision
EMLA = EMLA Cream, a proprietary cream of 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine; HIV/AIDS = human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
^a Mattson 2008 reported further outcomes for the Bailey 2007 cohort.
^b Kigozi 2008 reported further outcomes for the Gray 2007 cohort.
^c Kigozi 2008a reported further outcomes for the Gray 2007 cohort.
Adult circumcision
Auvert et al,¹³ 2005	South Africa	HIV/AIDS incidence, adverse events associated with circumcision	Immediate circumcision	1,546	Median 21 y
			Delayed circumcision	1,582	Median 21 y
Bailey et al,¹⁴ 2007	Kenya	HIV/AIDS incidence, adverse events associated with circumcision	Immediate circumcision	1,391	Median 20 y
			Delayed circumcision	1,393	Median 20 y
Mattson et al,¹⁵ 2008^a	Kenya	Unique data on sexual risk behavior only	Immediate circumcision	1,391	Median 20 y
			Delayed circumcision	1,393	Median 20 y
Gray et al,¹⁶ 2007	Uganda	HIV/AIDS incidence, adverse events associated with circumcision	Immediate circumcision	2,474	Range 15–49 y
			Delayed circumcision	2,522	Range 15–49 y
Kigozi et al,¹⁷ 2008^b	Uganda	Unique data on sexual satisfaction and function only	Immediate circumcision	2,474	Range 15–49 y
			Delayed circumcision	2,522	Range 15–49 y
Kigozi et al,¹⁸ 2008a^c	Uganda	Unique data on safety outcomes only	Immediate circumcision	2,474	Range 15–49 y
			Delayed circumcision	2,522	Range 15–49 y
Neonatal circumcision
Macke,¹⁹ 2001	USA	Pain distress, mother-infant bonding	Circumcised with acetaminophen	29	Mean 29.57±9.18 h
			Circumcised with placebo	31	Mean 26.82±6.37 h
Taddio et al,⁸ 1997	Canada	Subsequent pain response during vaccination	Uncircumcised	32	Mean 133±12.9 d
			Circumcised with EMLA	20	Mean 140±23.7 d
			Circumcised with placebo	26	Mean 143±29.4 d