Prevalence and Standard Errors of High LDL-C Levels by Number of Risk Factors Among Men Aged 20 to 35 Years and Women Aged 20 to 45 Years (N = 2,587), NHANES, 1999–2006
| Risk Factorsa | High LDL-Cb % (SE) | High LDL-Cb,c Risk Ratio (95% |
|---|---|---|
| CHD = coronary heart disease; CI = confidence interval; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NHANES = National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. | ||
| aRisk factors: high blood pressure, smoking, family history, and obesity. | ||
| bLDL-C ≥100, ≥130, and ≥160 mg/dL for high, intermediate, and low NCEP ATP III risk categories, respectively. | ||
| cN = 2,402 due to missing data. Each model was adjusted for race/ethnicity, education, poverty status, medical insurance status, and health care access during last 12 months, and age (continuous). | ||
| dSelf-reported coronary heart disease, angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, or diabetes (self-reported or fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL). | ||
| eLinear trend across risk categories assessed by calculating orthogonal polynomial coefficients according to the method of Fisher and Yates; P value for linear trends <.001. | ||
| All | ||
| CHD or CHD equivalentd | 65.1 (4.2) | 12.8 (8.8;18.5) |
| ≥2 | 25.9 (2.6) | 4.0 (2.7;5.9) |
| 1 | 12.5 (1.3) | 1.8 (1.3;2.6) |
| 0 | 6.7 (0.8)e | Referent |
| Men 20–35 y | ||
| CHD or CHD equivalentd | 55.1 (10.1) | 5.6 (1.6;11.9) |
| ≥2 | 27.5 (3.8) | 2.8 (1.5;5.1) |
| 1 | 13.9 (1.9) | 1.2 (0.7–2.1) |
| 0 | 10.1 (1.7)e | Referent |
| Women 20–45 y | ||
| CHD or CHD equivalentd | 68 (4.9) | 21.1 (13.4;33.3) |
| ≥2 | 24.9 (3.1) | 5.7 (3.5;9.2) |
| 1 | 11.6 (1.8) | 2.6 (1.5; 4.4) |
| 0 | 4.6 (0.8)e | Referent |