Trends in Average Cost Per Prescription Before and After Policy Implementation at Madras Medical Group (MMG) Alone and Relative to Control
MMG Trend | MMG Relative to Control | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prescribing | Estimate $ | 95% CI | P Value | Estimate $ | 95% CI | P Value |
a Changes after policy implementation. | ||||||
Note: Baseline level = prescribing rate at month 1 (April 2004); pre trend = monthly change in prescribing rate in period before policy implementation; level change = change in prescribing rate immediately before policy implementation (September 2005) to immediately after policy implementation (April 2006); post trend = monthly change in prescribing rate in period after policy implementation. MMG relative to control estimates are interpreted similarly, but adjusted for concurrent prescribing trends in the control group. | ||||||
Aggregate | ||||||
Baseline level | 37.94 | 36.43 to 39.45 | <.001 | |||
Pre trend | −0.30 | −0.44 to −0.16 | <.001 | −0.51 | −0.70 to −0.32 | <.0001 |
Level changea | 2.84 | 0.24 to 5.45 | .041 | 5.18 | 1.71 to 8.65 | .005 |
Trend changea | −0.15 | −0.49 to 0.18 | .159 | −0.28 | −0.73 to 0.18 | .091 |
Antidepressants | ||||||
Baseline level | 37.70 | 34.56 to 40.84 | <.001 | |||
Pre trend | −0.34 | −0.63 to −0.05 | .027 | −0.46 | −0.81 to −0.12 | .010 |
Level changea | −1.80 | −7.17 to 3.56 | .515 | −5.96 | −12.35 to 0.43 | .072 |
Post trenda | −0.16 | −0.86 to 0.55 | .377 | 0.22 | −0.61 to 1.05 | .007 |
Antihypertensives | ||||||
Baseline level | 16.45 | 15.85 to 17.05 | <.001 | |||
Pre trend | −0.03 | −0.09 to 0.02 | .285 | −0.10 | −0.20 to 0.00 | .059 |
Level changea | −0.86 | −1.90 to 0.19 | .118 | −1.31 | −3.20 to 0.59 | .181 |
Post trenda | −0.06 | −0.19 to 0.07 | .484 | 0.02 | −0.22 to 0.27 | .094 |
Lipid-lowering drugs | ||||||
Baseline level | 80.04 | 76.85 to 83.23 | <.001 | |||
Pre trend | −0.07 | −0.37 to 0.22 | .632 | −0.01 | −0.41 to 0.39 | .955 |
Level changea | −1.93 | −7.41 to 3.56 | .497 | 2.38 | −5.04 to 9.79 | .532 |
Post trenda | −0.67 | −1.38 to 0.04 | .009 | −0.71 | −1.67 to 0.24 | .016 |
Respiratory drugs | ||||||
Baseline level | 81.47 | 76.75 to 86.19 | <.001 | |||
Pre trend | −0.25 | −0.69 to 0.18 | .267 | −0.67 | −1.29 to −0.06 | .036 |
Level changea | −3.57 | −11.70 to 4.56 | .396 | −0.47 | −11.84 to 10.91 | .936 |
Post trenda | −0.08 | −1.13 to 0.97 | .595 | −0.28 | −1.76 to 1.21 | .373 |