Relationship of Depression Severity (PHQ-9 Score), Demographics, and Health Status to Productivity Loss
| Parameter | β Coefficient | Error | t Value | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item screen. | ||||
| Notes: The model had an estimated intercept of 36.50 and an error of 1.74. Positive estimates indicate loss of productivity; negative estimates indicate gain of productivity. Productivity loss is defined as the combination of absenteeism (percent of time missed in the past 7 days due to health) and presenteeism (percent impairment at work in the past 7 days due to health). These measures were obtained from the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire. | ||||
| a The general linear model shows the relationship between PHQ-9 score and productivity loss adjusted for all other variables listed in the table. | ||||
| b Combination of Hispanic ethnicity and non-white race categories listed in Table 2. | ||||
| c Divorced, separated, widowed, or never married. | ||||
| PHQ-9 scorea | 1.65 | 0.24 | 6.98 | <.001 |
| Age | 0.006 | 0.08 | 0.07 | .94 |
| Sex (male) | 1.89 | 2.32 | 0.82 | .41 |
| Race/ethnicity (minorityb) | 3.36 | 3.30 | 1.02 | .31 |
| Health (fair/poor) | 4.80 | 2.39 | 2.01 | .045 |
| Education (high school or less) | −1.44 | 2.30 | −0.62 | .53 |
| Employment status (part time) | −9.85 | 2.60 | −3.79 | <.001 |
| Marital status (not coupledc) | 3.73 | 2.06 | 1.81 | .07 |