Ethnic Differences in Mean Risk Factor Levels Before and After QOF and Pooled 8-Year Differences From 2000 to 2007
| HbA1c % (95% CI) | Cholesterol mmol/L (95% CI) | Systolic Blood Pressure mm Hg (95% CI) | Diastolic Blood Pressure mm Hg (95% CI) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethnic Group | 2003 | 2007 | Difference | 2003 | 2007 | Difference | 2003 | 2007 | Difference | 2003 | 2007 | Difference |
| White | 7.5 | 7.5 | −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.06) | 4.9 | 4.4 | −0.47 (−0.54 to −0.39) | 138.3 | 132.9 | −5. (−6.5 to −4.3) | 78.6 | 76.0 | −2.5 (−3.2 to −1.9) |
| Black | 8.0a | 7.8a | −0.18 (−0.35 to −0.02) | 4.8a | 4.4 | −0.38 (−0.47 to −0.29) | 141.4a | 135.1a | −6.3 (−7.8 to −4.9) | 80.4a | 77.7a | −2. (−3.5 to −1.8) |
| South Asian | 7.9a | 7.8a | −0.17 (−0.32 to −0.02) | 4.7a | 4.2a | −0.47 (−0.58 to −0.35) | 136.3 | 131.0a | −5.2 (−6.8 to −3.6) | 78.5 | 75.6 | −2.9 (−3.8 to −1.9) |
HbA1c=hemoglobin A1c; QOF = Quality and Outcomes Framework.
↵a Indicates significant differences to white group at 5% level after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, number of comorbidities, and practice-level clustering.