Patients With Clinically Significant Depression, Self-Harm Behavior, or Both (Composite) During Follow-up (12 or 24 Months), by General Practitioner Control (n = 10,360) and Intervention (n = 11,402) Study Group
| Outcome | Present at Baseline No. (%) | Present During Follow-up No. (%) | Crude CCAa OR (95%CI) | Adjusted CCAb OR (95% CI) | Crude ITTa OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ITTb OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHQ-9 ≥ 10 | ||||||
| Control, n (%) | 851 (8.2) | 906 (8.7) | 0.92 (0.81–1.05) | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) | 0.90 (0.81–1.00) | 0.93 (0.83–1.03) |
| Intervention, n (%) | 900 (7.9) | 921 (8.1) | ||||
| Self-harm behavior | ||||||
| Control, n (%) | 439 (4.2) | 531 (5.1) | 0.78 (0.66–0.92)c | 0.79 (0.67–0.93)c | 0.79 (0.68–0.93)c | 0.80 (0.68–0.94)c |
| Intervention, n (%) | 489 (4.3) | 509 (4.5) | ||||
| Composite outcome | ||||||
| Control, n (%) | 1,105 (10.7) | 1,180 (11.4) | 0.86d (0.77–0.98)c | 0.87 (0.77–0.99)c | 0.87 (0.81–0.94)c | 0.90d (0.83–0.97)c |
| Intervention, n (%) | 1,187 (10.4) | 1,182 (10.4) | ||||
CCA = complete case analysis of the effect of the intervention on the outcomes of interest; ITT = intention-to-treat analysis of the effect of the intervention on outcomes of interest based on imputation by chain equations; OR = odds ratio; PHQ-9 = 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire.
Notes: Composite outcome includes older adults with either PHQ-9 ≥10 or self-harm behavior in the past 12 months. Missing information at baseline; controls: PHQ-9 = 272, self-harm ideation/attempt = 201, composite = 397; intervention: PHQ-9 = 274, self-harm ideation/attempt = 217, composite = 397. Missing information at follow-up: controls: PHQ-9 = 137, self-harm ideation or attempt = 109, composite = 209; intervention: PHQ-9 = 114, self-harm ideation or attempt = 112, composite = 191.
↵a Adjusted for the baseline value of the respective outcome.
↵b Adjusted for the baseline value of the respective outcome as well as for age, sex, migrant and marital status, living arrangements, education, and number of comorbidities.
↵c P <.05.
↵d The total variance of the crude model was 3.3 and of the adjusted model, 3.4.