Table 4

Characteristics That Predict Improved Outcomes (≥5-point Drop in PHQ-9 Score) at 12 Months, Odds Ratios From Logistic Regression (GLME)

	Improved PHQ-9 Score in Women With Initial Elevated Depression Scores

Characteristic	Usual Care No. (%)	Intervention No. (%)	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted^a OR (95% CI)
Total	60 (35)	98 (45)	1.82 (1.14–2.91)^b	1.74 (1.05–2.86)^b
Postpartum depression diagnosed
Yes	25 (44)	51 (48)	1.67 (1.08–2.59)	2.05 (1.25–3.34)
No	24 (27)	37 (41)
History of depression
Yes	33 (33)	40 (41)	0.69 (0.46–1.04)	0.79 (0.51–1.23)
No	27 (38)	58 (48)
Married
Yes	33 (37)	44 (50)	1.33 (0.86–2.05)	1.38 (0.82–2.31)
No	27 (33)	54 (29)
Income >$50,000
Yes	26 (37)	24 (40)	0.89 (0.56–1.40)	0.71 (0.40–1.23)
No	33 (35)	70 (46)
Age >25 years
Yes	38 (36)	49 (42)	0.92 (0.61–1.39)	0.91 (0.57–1.47)
No	22 (33)	49 (48)
Elevated PSI score^c
Yes	41 (33)	58 (39)	0.51 (0.33–0.80)^c	0.52 (0.33–0.84)^c
No	19 (40)	40 (61)
Education more than high school
Yes	32 (37)	48 (48)	1.23 (0.81–1.87)	1.03 (0.63–1.69)
No	28 (33)	50 (42)

GLME = generalized linear mixed effects; OR = odds ratio; PHQ-9 = 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; PSI=Parenting Stress Inventory.
↵a OR is calculated adjusting for all other variables in the table.
↵b Significant effect for intervention.
↵c Significant negative effect of high PSI score.