Table 4

Change in the WOMAC Composite and Subscale Scores Over Time

Score	Week 5	Week 9	Week 12	Week 24	Week 52
WOMAC composite score change, mean (SE)
Dextrose	7.94 (3.21)	13.91 (3.23)^a	13.31 (3.32)^b	15.85 (3.26)^a	15.32 (3.32)^a
Saline	5.22 (3.21)	6.75 (3.27)^a	8.19 (3.37)^b	8.12 (3.33)^a	7.59 (3.36)^a
Exercise	4.42 (3.21)	2.51 (3.26)^a	4.26 (3.36)^b	8.48 (3.28)^a	8.24 (3.33)^a
Subscale score change, mean (SE)
Pain
Dextrose	8.17 (3.49)	14.00 (3.52)^a	11.78 (3.62)^b	15.50 (3.56)^a	14.18 (3.62)
Saline	3.28 (3.50)	5.29 (3.56)^a	5.79 (3.67)^b	6.40 (3.63)^a	7.38 (3.67)
Exercise	4.53 (3.51)	3.44 (3.55)^a	4.89 (3.66)^b	8.07 (3.60)^a	9.24 (3.63)
Stiffness
Dextrose	7.08 (4.50)	14.17 (4.53)^c	13.49 (4.67)^b	14.85 (4.58)	15.55 (4.66)
Saline	8.62 (4.51)	9.12 (4.59)^c	12.22 (4.73)^b	10.40 (4.67)	9.97 (4.72)
Exercise	3.63 (4.51)	0.14 (4.58)^c	3.13 (4.71)^b	8.18 (4.61)	8.31 (4.68)
Function
Dextrose	8.57 (3.27)	13.58 (3.30)^a	14.61 (3.40)^a	17.19 (3.33)^a	16.25 (3.39)^a
Saline	3.77 (3.28)	5.85 (3.34)^a	6.63 (3.44)^a	7.62 (3.40)^a	5.46 (3.44)^a
Exercise	5.10 (3.28)	4.00 (3.33)^a	4.89 (3.43)^a	9.30 (3.35)^a	7.31 (3.40)^a

WOMAC = Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index.
Notes: Numbers of participants for measurement points are as follows. Week 5: n = 30 dextrose, n = 29 saline, n = 28 exercise. Week 9: n = 30 dextrose, n = 26 saline, n = 27 exercise. Week 12: n = 27 dextrose, n = 24 saline, n = 25 exercise. Week 24: n = 28 dextrose, n = 25 saline, n = 27 exercise. Week 52: n = 26 dextrose, n = 25 saline, n = 26 exercise. Repeated measures analysis of variance compared between-group total and subscale WOMAC scores after adjusting for baseline scores, age, sex, and body mass index.
↵a Dextrose outperformed saline (P <.05) and exercise (P <.05); no statistically significant differences between saline and exercise.
↵b Dextrose outperformed exercise (P <.05); no statistically significant differences between dextrose and saline, and between saline and exercise.
↵c Dextrose outperformed exercise (P <.05); saline outperformed exercise (P <.05); no statistically significant differences between dextrose and saline.