Table 3

Baseline Participant Knee Osteoarthritis Severity Scores by Treatment Group

Characteristic	Dextrose		Saline		Exercise		P Value
X-ray Kellgren-Lawrence osteoarthritis severity score^a
1–2 (mild osteoarthritis)	11		12		9		.35
3–4 (moderate to severe osteoarthritis)	14		9		14
WOMAC total score (SD) [range]^b	63.1 (15.0) [34.6–93.1]		62.7 (14.3) [34.3–90.8]		60.5 (11.3) [35.7–77.0]		.73
Pain score (SD) [range]	66.8 (14.9) [35.0–95.0]		66.7 (16.1) [30.0–95.0]		63.2 (13.1) [35.0–90.0]		.49
Stiffness score (SD) [range]	57.1 (19.9) [25.0–87.5]		53.9 (14.2) [25.0–87.5]		55.3 (18.0) [12.5–100.0]		.73
Function score (SD) [range]	65.2 (15.8) [39.7–96.9]		67.6 (17.5) [35.3–100.0]		61.9 (12.7) [36.8–86.8]		.36
Knee pain scale^c	Treated Knee n=43	Untreated Knee n=17	Treated Knee n=41	Untreated Knee n=17	Treated Knee n=47	Untreated Knee n=15	TreatedPValue	UntreatedPValue

Pain frequency score (SD)	2.5 (0.9)	0.6 (1.1)	2.4 (0.9)	0.9 (0.9)	2.5(0.9)	0.7 (1.0)	.52	.69
Pain severity score (SD)	1.8 (0.8)	0.5 (1.1)	1.7 (0.7)	0.6 (0.8)	1.7(0.8)	0.4 (0.7)	.42	.74

WOMAC = Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index.
↵a Kellgren-Lawrence scores range from 1 to 4.
↵b The theoretical range in this study is 0 to 100, with higher values indicating better knee-related quality of life.
↵c The theoretical range of scores for knee pain frequency is 0 to 4 and for knee pain severity is 0 to 5, with higher values indicating worse symptoms.