Outcomes Scores at Each Survey With Comparison to Baseline (N = 30)
| Subscale (Possible Range) | Time Pointa | Change,b Mean Difference (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (N=30) | 1 Day (n=28) | 8 Weeks (n=23) | 9 Months (n=23) | ||
| MBI Emotional Exhaustion (0–54)c | 31.9 (28.4–35.4) | 28.9 (25.3–32.5) | 26.4 (22.6–30.1) | 26.0 (22.2–29.8) | −5.90 (−10.29 to −1.52) |
| – | [.046] | [.006] | [.009] | ||
| MBI Depersonalization (0–30)c | 12.6 (10.4–14.8) | 11.2 (9.0–13.5) | 10.3 (8.0–12.7) | 9.1 (6.8–11.5) | −3.51 (−5.91 to −1.11) |
| – | [.07] | [.03] | [.005] | ||
| MBI Personal Accomplishment (0–48)c | 38.5 (36.8–40.3) | 41.0 (39.2–42.8) | 41.6 (39.7–43.5) | 42.3 (40.4–44.2) | 3.76 (1.70 to 5.82) |
| – | [<.001] | [<.001] | [<.001] | ||
| DASS-21 Depression (0–21) | 7.6 (5.7–9.5) | 4.8 (2.9–6.8) | 3.8 (1.8–5.8) | 3.4 (1.3–5.5) | −4.16 (−6.56 to −1.77) |
| – | [<.001] | [<.001] | [.001] | ||
| DASS-21 Anxiety (0–21) | 4.4 (3.2–5.6) | 2.9 (1.6–4.1) | 2.8 (1.5–4.1) | 1.9 (0.5–3.3) | −2.51 (−4.27 to −0.76) |
| – | [.02] | [.052] | [.006] | ||
| DASS-21 Stress (0–21) | 14.2 (11.8–16.6) | 12.2 (9.7–14.7) | 10.1 (7.5–12.7) | 9.0 (6.3–11.7) | −5.20 (−8.47 to −1.92) |
| – | [.09] | [.007] | [.002] | ||
| PSS (0–40) | 19.0 (16.9–21.0) | 16.0 (13.9–18.2) | 14.1 (11.9–16.4) | 14.7 (12.4–17.0) | −4.29 (−6.91 to −1.67) |
| – | [.001] | [<.001] | [.002] | ||
| RS-14 (14–98) | 79.9 (75.2–84.6) | 82.0 (77.1–86.8) | 83.2 (78.1–88.4) | 81.4 (76.2–86.6) | 1.51 (−4.79 to 7.81) |
| – | [.35] | [.26] | [.63] | ||
| SCBC (5–35) | 27.6 (25.9–29.3) | 27.4 (25.6–29.1) | 27.9 (26.1–29.6) | 28.3 (26.5–30.1) | 0.67 (−1.06 to 2.39) |
| – | [.59] | [.77] | [.44] | ||
MBI = Maslach Burnout Inventory; DASS-21 = Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21; PSS = Perceived Stress Scale; RS-14 = 14-item Resilience Scale; SCBC = Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale.
Notes: On the MBI, higher scores on the Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization subscales, and lower scores on the Personal Accomplishment subscale indicate greater burnout. On the DASS-21 subscales, higher scores indicate greater levels of that emotional state. On the PSS, higher scores indicate greater perceived stress. On the RS-14, higher scores indicating greater resilience. On the SCBC, higher scores indicate greater compassion. P values compare values at each time point with the baseline values.
↵a Values shown are mean score (95% CI) [P value]. P values were calculated with the linear mixed effects models and denote the significance of β coefficients.
↵b Change from baseline to 9 months.
↵c Based on a normative sample of medical professionals, the cutoff points for a high range of experienced burnout is a score of greater than 26 on the Emotional Exhaustion subscale, a score of greater than 9 on the Depersonalization subscale, and a score of less than 34 on the Personal Accomplishment subscale.