Attributed Causesa | Potentially Avoidable No. (%) | Not Avoidable No. (%) |
---|---|---|
Total | 43 (41) | 61 (59) |
System level | 19 (63) | 11 (37) |
Absence of treating physician | 7 (70) | 3 (30) |
Unavailability of ambulatory services | 5 (50) | 5 (50) |
Failure to utilize ambulatory services | 7 (88) | 3 (12) |
Physician level | 12 (38) | 20 (62) |
Diagnostic uncertainty | 2 (25) | 6 (75) |
Ambulatory treatment failure | 4 (24) | 13 (76) |
Suboptimal monitoring | 6 (86) | 1 (14) |
Medical | 19 (19) | 82 (81) |
Medication side effects | 1 (17) | 5 (83) |
Medical emergency | 0 (0) | 33 (100) |
Somatic comorbidity | 9 (24) | 29 (76) |
Psychiatric comorbidity | 3 (33) | 6 (67) |
Substance abuse | 2 (33) | 4 (67) |
Fall | 4 (44) | 5 (56) |
Patient level | 45 (54) | 38 (46) |
Fearfulness | 7 (64) | 4 (37) |
Cultural background | 5 (56) | 4 (45) |
Insufficient language skills | 6 (67) | 3 (33) |
Delayed help seeking | 5 (71) | 2 (29) |
Medication error | 4 (100) | 0 |
Medication nonadherence | 11 (52) | 10 (48) |
Nonmedication nonadherence | 6 (38) | 10 (63) |
Cognitive impairment | 1 (17) | 5 (83) |
Social level | 9 (45) | 11(55) |
Lack of social support | 5 (46) | 6 (55) |
Overprotective caregiver | 3 (75) | 1 (25) |
Overstrained caregiver | 1 (20) | 4 (80) |
↵a Multiple causes could be attributed to each ambulatory care–sensitive hospitalization.