Table 1

Barriers to Implementation of CQMS Identified in Existing Literature

Barrier TypeTypical Issues
SituationalTime needed to implement, records conversion, adverse effect on workflow or efficiency, organizational structure, organizational culture, incentives
Cognitive/psychologicalLack of belief in value, need for control, anxiety over change, anxiety over technology
LiabilityPrivacy, security management, data integrity
KnowledgeAbility to evaluate and select systems, training
FinancialStart-up costs, training costs, uncertain or misaligned return on investment
TechnologyTechnical support, complexity, inflexibility of systems, customization limitations, reliability problems, data exchange problems
WorkforceSkillsets of physicians, staff skills, managerial/organizational support, leadership