Characteristics of Participants, Overall and by Study Arm
| Characteristic | All Participants (N = 441) | Study Arm | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Usual Care (n = 217) | Health Coaching (n = 224) | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Clinic site, % (No.) | |||
| Clinic site A | 75.3 (332) | 76.0 (165) | 74.6 (167) |
| Clinic site B | 24.7 (109) | 24.0 (52) | 25.4 (57) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 52.7 (11.1) | 52.9 (11.5) | 52.6 (10.7) |
| Sex (female), % (No.) | 55.3 (244) | 52.2 (127) | 58.5 (117) |
| Married/long-term relationship, % (No.) | 53.1 (234) | 57.1 (124) | 49.1 (110) |
| Born in the United States, % (No.) | 25.6 (113) | 24.9 (54) | 26.3 (59) |
| Years in United States, mean (SD)a | 18.2 (11.2) | 17.9 (11.9) | 18.5 (10.4) |
| Primary language, % (No.) | |||
| English | 27.7 (122) | 26.7 (58) | 28.6 (64) |
| Spanish | 68.7 (303) | 69.5 (151) | 67.9 (152) |
| Other | 3.6 (16) | 3.7 (8) | 3.6 (8) |
| Race/ethnicity, % (No.) | |||
| Asian | 4.1 (18) | 5.1 (11) | 3.1 (7) |
| African American | 19.0 (84) | 18.4 (40) | 19.6 (44) |
| Latino or Hispanic | 70.1 (309) | 71.0 (154) | 69.2 (155) |
| White | 2.5 (11) | 2.3 (5) | 2.7 (6) |
| Other | 4.3 (19) | 3.2 (7) | 5.4 (12) |
| Working status, % (No.) | |||
| Full time | 18.6 (82) | 16.1 (35) | 21.0 (47) |
| Part time | 25.6 (113) | 26.3 (57) | 25.0 (56) |
| Homemaker | 13.8 (61) | 17.1 (37) | 10.7 (24) |
| Unemployed | 16.1 (71) | 16.1 (35) | 16.1 (36) |
| Retired/disabled/SSI/other | 25.9 (114) | 24.3 (53) | 27.2 (61) |
| Education, % (No.) | |||
| ≤5th grade | 22.7 (100) | 23.1 (50) | 22.3 (50) |
| 6th to 8th grade | 21.1 (93) | 20.7 (45) | 21.4 (48) |
| Some high school | 13.4 (59) | 12.4 (27) | 14.3 (32) |
| High school graduate or GED | 17.7 (78) | 16.6 (36) | 18.8 (42) |
| Some college | 15.6 (69) | 19.4 (42) | 12.1 (27) |
| College graduate | 9.5 (42) | 7.8 (17) | 11.2 (25) |
| Income, % (No.) | |||
| ≤$5,000 | 34.0 (150) | 31.3 (68) | 36.6 (82) |
| $5,000–$10,000 | 24.3 (107) | 25.3 (55) | 23.2 (52) |
| $10,000–$20,000 | 29.5 (130) | 29.0 (63) | 29.9 (67) |
| ≥$20,000 | 12.2 (54) | 14.2 (31) | 10.2 (23) |
| Number of PCP visits in year before study, mean (SD) | 5.4 (3.9) | 5.5 (4.3) | 5.4 (4.1) |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 31.4 (6.7) | 31.4 (6.3) | 31.5 (7.0) |
| HbA1c, mean (SD), %b | 9.9 (1.5) | 10.0 (1.4) | 9.8 (1.5) |
| LDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dLb | 147.0 (35.6) | 147.8 (34.1) | 146.3 (36.9) |
| SBP, mean (SD), mm Hgb | 159.4 (15.4) | 160.9 (16.8) | 157.7 (13.5) |
| Uncontrolled at baseline, % (No.) | |||
| For 1 condition | 72.6 (320) | 73.3 (159) | 71.9 (161) |
| For 2 conditions | 23.6 (104) | 23.5 (51) | 23.7 (53) |
| For 3 conditions | 3.9 (17) | 3.2 (7) | 4.5 (10) |
| For HbA1c | 35.8 (158) | 33.6 (73) | 37.9 (85) |
| For SBP | 43.5 (192) | 46.5 (101) | 40.6 (91) |
| For cholesterol | 51.9 (229) | 49.8 (108) | 54.0 (121) |
BMI = body mass index; GED = general equivalency diploma; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; PCP = primary care provider; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SSI = supplemental security income.
↵a For the 328 participants born outside the United States.
↵b Includes only patients qualifying for the study on this measure (158 for HbA1c, 218 for LDL, and 192 for SBP).