Pooled Estimates for Response, Remission, and Study Discontinuation
| Therapy | Response | NNTa (95%-CI) | Remission | NNTb (95% CI) | Study Discontinuation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Face-to-face CBT | 10 (5–47) | na | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.58 (1.11 to 2.26) | 1.49 (0.90 to 2.46) | 0.98 (0.52 to 1.86) | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 35 | 25 | ||
| No. of trials | 7 | 7 | 6 | ||
| Face-to-face problem-solving therapy | na | na | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.56 (0.85 to 2.86) | 1.29 (0.83 to 2.02) | 0.60 (0.23 to 1.57) | ||
| I2, % | 55 | 44 | 80 | ||
| No. of trials | 3 | 4 | 4 | ||
| Face-to-face interpersonal psychotherapy | na | na | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.28 (0.80 to 2.05) | 1.37 (0.81 to 2.34) | 0.98 (0.40 to 2.38) | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 12 | na | ||
| No. of trials | 2 | 2 | 1 | ||
| Other face-to-face psychological therapies | 11 (6–31) | 10 (5–35) | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.54 (1.17 to 2.03) | 1.68 (1.17 to 2.41) | 1.04 (0.65 to 1.67) | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 0 | 37 | ||
| No. of trials | 6 | 5 | 5 | ||
| Remote therapist-led CBT | 6 (4–13) | na | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 2.04 (1.44 to 2.90) | 1.51 (0.98 to 2.32) | 1.05 (0.29 to 3.75) | ||
| I2, % | 23 | 36 | 75 | ||
| No. of trials | 3 | 3 | 2 | ||
| Remote therapist-led problem-solving therapy | No data | No data | na | ||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.22 (0.23 to 6.57) | 1.32 (0.33 to 5.26) | |||
| I2, % | 20 | 46 | |||
| No. of trials | 2 | 2 | |||
| Guided self-help CBT | 9 (5–24) | 9 (5–28) | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.67 (1.22 to 2.28) | 1.73 (1.21 to 2.50) | 1.54 (1.00 to 2.37) | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 0 | 32 | ||
| No. of trials | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
| No/minimal contact CBT | 11 (6–58) | na | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.52 (1.09 to 2.13) | 1.46 (0.96 to 2.23) | 1.32 (0.88 to 2.00) | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| No. of trials | 4 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Test for subgroup differences | |||||
| χ2 | 3.32 | 5.80 | 4.44 | ||
| P value | .85 | .67 | .82 | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| All treatments | 10 (8–14) | 15 (10–25) | |||
| OR (95% CI) | 1.59 (1.40 to 1.80) | 1.42 (1.24 to 1.62) | 1.08 (0.85 to 1.38) | ||
| I2, % | 0 | 0 | 46 | ||
| No. of trials | 27 | 28 | 27 |
CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy; I2 = measure of statistical heterogeneity; na = not applicable; NNT = number needed to treat; OR = odds ratio.
Note: NNTs for study discontinuation cannot be calculated in a valid manner as the confidence intervals of all odds ratios include the value 1.
↵a Proportion of control group patients with response = 27%.
↵b Proportion of control group patients with remission = 23%.