Bivariate Relationships Between Practice Organizational Characteristics and External Incentives at T1 and Change in the HIT Index Score Over Time
| Variable at T1 | HIT Index Score,a Mean (SE) | Difference, T2 – T1, (95% CI) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | |||
| Organizational characteristic | ||||
| Ownership | ||||
| Physician owned | 4.63 (0.03) | 7.24 (0.14) | 2.61 (2.35–2.87) | <.001 |
| Hospital owned | 6.22 (0.22) | 8.83 (0.70) | 2.62 (1.53–3.70) | <.001 |
| Practice size | ||||
| 1–2 physicians | 3.88 (0.09) | 6.35 (0.19) | 2.47 (2.24–2.69) | <.001 |
| 3–8 physicians | 6.55 (0.09) | 9.48 (0.14) | 2.93 (2.46–3.39) | <.001 |
| External incentive | ||||
| Pay for performance | ||||
| No | 4.49 (0.02) | 6.89 (0.09) | 2.39 (2.21–2.58) | <.001 |
| Yes | 5.01 (0.08) | 7.93 (0.27) | 2.92 (2.50–3.34) | <.001 |
| Public reporting | ||||
| No | 4.63 (0.02) | 7.57 (0.08) | 2.94 (2.75–3.13) | <.001 |
| Yes | 4.85 (0.12) | 6.78 (0.39) | 1.94 (1.36–2.51) | <.001 |
| Percentage of revenue from Medicare | ||||
| ≤20% | 5.56 (0.08) | 7.85 (0.16) | 2.29 (1.85–2.74) | <.001 |
| 21% to 35% | 4.87 (0.04) | 7.91 (0.10) | 3.03 (2.85–3.22) | <.001 |
| >35% | 4.06 (0.07) | 6.62 (0.21) | 2.56 (2.28–2.84) | <.001 |
HIT = health information technology; SE = standard error; T1 = time 1; T2 = time 2.
↵a Possible range is 0 to 18.
Note: Data were weighted to be nationally representative. Paired t tests were used to test for significant differences over time.