Hazard Ratios for Deaths Due to Specific Causes
| Cause of Deathb | Follow-up Period | Self-Harm Cohort | Hazard Ratioa (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths, No. | % per 1,000 Person-Years | Unadjusted | Adjustedc | ||
| Suicide | ≤1 y | 140 | 5.1 | 113.90 (73.87–175.63) | 54.43 (34.32–86.32) |
| >1 y | 122 | 1.1 | 17.45 (13.50–22.54) | 7.62 (5.67–10.25) | |
| Accident | ≤1 y | 35 | 1.3 | 12.94 (8.45–19.84) | 5.60 (3.45–9.08) |
| >1 y | 90 | 0.8 | 9.32 (7.19–12.08) | 4.16 (3.05–5.65) | |
| Alcohol related | ≤1 y | 26 | 1.0 | 14.52 (8.74–24.11) | 2.62 (1.14–6.02) |
| >1 y | 106 | 1.0 | 11.16 (8.72–14.29) | 2.37 (1.50–3.76) | |
| Drug poisoning | ≤1 y | 49 | 1.8 | 48.17 (28.63–81.03) | 17.62 (9.83–31.58) |
| >1 y | 91 | 0.8 | 28.46 (20.25–39.98) | 9.22 (6.14–13.83) | |
| Respiratory disease | ≤1 y | 11 | 0.4 | 6.39 (3.24–12.61) | 2.64 (1.22–5.70) |
| >1 y | 53 | 0.5 | 4.94 (3.63–6.72) | 2.21 (1.55–3.15) | |
| Lung cancer | ≤1 y | 9 | 0.3 | 4.55 (2.20–9.39) | 2.31 (1.00–5.30) |
| >1 y | 29 | 0.3 | 1.92 (1.31–2.82) | 0.88 (0.56–1.37) | |
↵a Two-stage hazard ratios for the self-harm cohort vs the comparison cohort.
↵b Causes of death delineated using the following International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes: suicide: X60–X84, Y10–Y34 (excluding Y33.9), Y87.0, Y87.2; accident: V01-X59, Y85–Y86, Y87.1; alcohol related: F10, G31.1, I42.6, K29.2, K70, K73, K74 (excluding K74.3–K74.5), K86.0, X45, X65, Y15; drug poisoning: F11–F16, F18–F19, X40–X44, X60–X64, X85, Y10–Y14; respiratory disease: J00–J99; lung cancer: C33–C34.
↵c Adjusted for visit frequency in previous 12 months, history of psychiatric diagnoses, history of mental health referral, history of psychotropic medication prescribing, history of alcohol misuse, and smoking status.