Table 1

Knowing the Patient as an Individual

Content Area^11,12	Thought Questions^11,12	Sample Question or Phrase
The patient as an individual	How does the condition affect the patient? How do the patient’s circumstances and experiences affect the condition and treatment?	“Tell me about yourself.”
The patient’s life circumstances	How do the patient’s domestic, social, and work situation and previous experience of health care impact the condition, self-management, and life-style choices?	“What do/did you do for work?” “What do you like to do in your free time?” “Describe your previous relationships with physicians and what you are hoping for in a doctor-patient relationship with me.”
The patient’s concerns	How do the patient’s health beliefs, concerns, and preferences affect engagement with treatment?	“Please tell me your questions and concerns.”
The patient’s needs	How does the patient’s need for psychological, social, spiritual and/or financial support affect treatment?	“Tell me about your family and who is important in your life.”
Don’t make assumptions	What assumptions are you making based on the patient’s appearance or other personal characteristics that may affect your diagnosis or treatment decisions?