Results of Group Effect on WOMAC Stiffness, Function, and Composite Scores, Physical Function Measures, and EuroQoL-5D Using ANCOVA
| Type of Score | Intervention Group (n = 104), mean (SD) | Control Group (n= 104), mean (SD) | Imputed Data Analysis Model 1 | Imputed Data Analysis Model 2 a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Between-Group Difference (95% CI) | P Value | SE | Between-Group Difference (95% CI) | P Value | SE | |||
| WOMAC (stiffness) | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 45.7 (25.6) | 48.2 (25.6) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 27.4 (25.3) | 42.9 (26.7) | –15.1(–22.7 to – 7.5) | <.001 | 3.8 | –13.9(–20.3 to – 7.4) | <.001 | 3.3 |
| WOMAC (function) | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 45.8 (20.6) | 45.9 (21.4) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 27.7 (23.9) | 43.0 (22.5) | –15.2(–21.8 to – 8.7) | <.001 | 3.3 | –15.1(–20.2 to – 9.9) | <.001 | 2.6 |
| WOMAC (composite) | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 45.9 (21.0) | 46.5 (19.9) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 27.9 (23.2) | 43.3 (21.8) | –15.1(–21.8 to – 8.5) | <.001 | 3.4 | –14.7(–20.2 to – 9.3) | <.001 | 2.7 |
| 30-s chair stand, repetitions | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 9.0 (3.9) | 8.7 (3.5) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 10.3 (3.8) | 8.5 (2.9) | 1.8 (0.8 to 2.7) | <.001 | 0.5 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.2) | <.001 | 0.3 |
| 40-m fast-paced walk, s | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 39.6 (22.1) | 39.2 (10.4) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 34.6 (9.4) | 38.4 (10.7) | –3.4(–6.3 to – 0.6) | .019 | 1.5 | –3.4 (–6.1 to – 0.8) | .012 | 1.3 |
| Timed up and go, s | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 11.1 (4.1) | 11.4 (3.3) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 10.0 (3.0) | 11.9 (4.3) | –1.7(–2.8 to – 0.7) | .001 | 0.5 | –1.5(–2.4 to – 0.7) | <.001 | 0.4 |
| EuroQol-5D index | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 0.60 (0.26) | 0.56 (0.23) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 0.72 (0.25) | 0.60 (0.23) | 0.11(0.04 to 0.18) | .001 | 0.03 | 0.11(0.04 to 0.18) | .001 | 0.03 |
| EuroQoL-5D VAS | ||||||||
| Week 0 | 66.9 (17.1) | 67.8 (13.7) | ||||||
| Week 24 | 72.0 (18.8) | 64.8 (15.5) | 6.7 (1.6 to 11.8) | .010 | 2.6 | 7.2 (2.7 to 11.8) | .002 | 2.3 |
ANCOVA = analysis of covariance; SE = standard error; VAS = visual analog scale; WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.
↵a Adjusted for baseline score, duration of knee pain, number of comorbidities, bilateral knee pain status (yes or no), total amount of analgesic consumption, and age.