Report
Relations among the Implicit Association Test, Discriminatory Behavior, and Explicit Measures of Racial Attitudes

https://doi.org/10.1006/jesp.2000.1470Get rights and content

Abstract

Heretofore, no research has shown that meaningful variability on the Implicit Association Test (IAT) relates to intergroup discrimination or to explicit measures of prejudice. In the current study, White undergraduates interacted separately with White and Black experimenters, and their behavior during these social interactions was assessed by trained judges and by the experimenters themselves. The participants also completed explicit measures of racial prejudice and a race IAT. As predicted, those who revealed stronger negative attitudes toward Blacks (vs Whites) on the IAT had more negative social interactions with a Black (vs a White) experimenter and reported relatively more negative Black prejudices on explicit measures. The implications of these results for the IAT and its relations to intergroup discrimination and to explicit measures of attitudes are discussed.

References (36)

  • B.M. DePaulo et al.

    Nonverbal communication

  • P.G. Devine

    Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

    (1989)
  • S. Duncan

    Nonverbal communication

    Psychological Bulletin

    (1969)
  • B.C. Dunton et al.

    An individual difference measure of motivation to control prejudiced reactions

    Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

    (1997)
  • P. Eckman et al.

    Head and body cues in the judgment of emotion: A reformulation

    Perceptual and Motor Skills

    (1967)
  • R.H. Fazio

    Attitudes as object–evaluation associations: Determinants, consequences, and correlates of attitude accessibility

  • R.H. Fazio et al.

    Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial stereotypes: A bona fide pipeline?

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

    (1995)
  • Cited by (793)

    • Implicit attitudes and implicit bias

      2023, Encyclopedia of Mental Health, Third Edition: Volume 1-3
    View all citing articles on Scopus

    This research was supported by NIMH Grants MH58449 and MH60645. The authors gratefully acknowledge the outstanding contributions of Ayana Burroughs, Kristy Dean, and Amy Johnson, who served admirably as experimenters in this study. The diligent efforts of Ben Diaz and Zachary Eichenhorn in coding videotapes are also greatly appreciated. The helpful comments of Frank Bernieri, Chris End, and two anonymous reviewers on a previous draft of this article are greatly appreciated.

    f2

    Address correspondence and reprint requests to Allen R. McConnell, Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056-1601. E-mail: [email protected].

    View full text