Tibia vara: A complication of adolescent obesity
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Normal axial alignment of the lower extremity and load-bearing distribution at the knee
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Cited by (50)
Epidemiology, pathophysiology and etiology of obesity in children and adolescents
2020, Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health CareCitation Excerpt :Obesity is a major risk factor for SCFE, which is the displacement of the capital femoral epiphysis from the femoral neck.38 Tibia vara is characterized by bowed legs and tibial torsion due to abnormal growth of the tibial growth plate in obesity, secondary to increased weight.39 Obese children also have reduced bone mass compared to normal weight peers and are at an increased risk for fractures.40
Bariatric Surgery in Youth
2016, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Growing pediatric patients have musculoskeletal conditions that require unique attention in the obese population. Obese youth are susceptible to conditions such as tibia vara (Blount disease),24,25 a disorder of the musculoskeletal system in which the effects of weight on the growth plates leads to abnormal development of the bones with a bowing of the legs that worsens as the child develops. Additionally, obese children sustain altered patterns of injury compared with their nonobese peers after traumatic insult.26
Effects of obesity on the biomechanics of stair-walking in children
2011, Gait and PostureCitation Excerpt :Obesity may cause orthopedic problems not only during childhood but may also have long-term implications for musculoskeletal health during adolescence and into adulthood. Anthropometric characteristics, particularly body mass, have been identified as important factors for the development and progression of foot deformities [3,4], varus/valgus angular deformities of the knee [3,5,6], slipped capital femoral epiphysis [3] and have long term implications for developing osteoarthritis (e.g. [7–10]). However, only few studies investigated the interrelation of these factors during dynamic activities in obese persons and particularly in obese children.
Obesity and obesity-associated complications
2011, Revista Medica Clinica Las CondesObesity in pediatric orthopaedics
2011, Orthopedic Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Adolescent Blount disease is less common than the infantile form, and the incidence is higher in the male sex; yet, African Americans who are morbidly obese comprise more than 90% of the reported cases.48 One study found the prevalence of adolescent Blount disease to be 2.5% in obese male adolescents.55 There were theories that the adolescent form was due to massive weight gain during adolescence in individuals with underlying varus alignment that could lead to excessive medial compartment loading and altered physeal growth (Fig. 3A).48
Effects of Pediatric Obesity on Joint Kinematics and Kinetics During 2 Walking Cadences
2009, Archives of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationCitation Excerpt :The increased knee abductor moments unevenly distribute force across the medial compartment of the knee and create an increased risk of genu valgum, a condition common among obese children.5 Although less common than genu valgum, if the child is predisposed to varus alignment, an increase in knee adductor moment could increase compressive load on the lateral compartment and result in tibia vara, a condition predominantly found in patients with BMI values above the 95th percentile for age and sex.5,21-27 Increased absolute peak joint moments in the sagittal and transverse planes on the knee can increase the force with which tibiofemoral contact is made during the screw home mechanism.28