Asthma is a chronic disorder that causes significant morbidity and mortality and requires ongoing chronic care. Approximately two-thirds of people with asthma are receiving care from a primary care clinician, such as an internist, family practitioner, nurse practitioner, or pediatrician. The other one-third of patients are obtaining treatment and ongoing care from specialists, including allergists or pulmonologists. The outcomes of asthma care are a subject of intense investigation. Many studies focus on pharmacotherapy, allergen control, and asthma education as interventions to reduce the morbidity and costs associated with asthma. Fewer studies have explored the differences in outcomes between asthmatic patients cared for by specialists compared with generalists. Even fewer have explored the practice differences between generalists and specialists that may relate to outcomes of care. With the advent of national asthma guidelines and the high prevalence of asthma seen in primary care settings, it is important to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary care physicians with regard to asthma.