Gender differences in the treatment of heart disease have a significant impact on the outcomes and mortality for women. From screening and detection, through treatment and intervention, women are less likely than men to receive guideline-based care. Risk factor modification, including lipid management, is critical to all levels of prevention. This article discusses gender differences in the detection and management of dyslipidemia. By identifying the suboptimal recognition and treatment of lipid abnormalities in women, healthcare professionals can revise their practice patterns in an effort to improve the outcomes for women with cardiovascular disease.