Background Safe and effective long-acting injectable agents for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are needed to increase the options …

ContextLumbar diskectomy is the most common surgical procedure performed for back and
leg symptoms in US patients, but the efficacy of the procedure relative to nonoperative care …

Background Surgery for spinal stenosis is widely performed, but its effectiveness as compared
with nonsurgical treatment has not been shown in controlled trials. Methods Surgical …

Background Management of degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis is
controversial. Surgery is widely used, but its effectiveness in comparison with that of nonsurgical …

ContextFor patients with lumbar disk herniation, the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial
(SPORT) randomized trial intent-to-treat analysis showed small but not statistically …

Background Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis has been introduced in more than 70 countries,
including many in sub-Saharan Africa, but women experience considerable barriers to daily …

Purpose To examine the impact of age and cognitive reserve on cognitive functioning in
patients with breast cancer who are receiving adjuvant treatments.

Purpose To compare the neuropsychological functioning of breast cancer patients with invasive
cancer and noninvasive cancer prior to adjuvant treatment. Patients and Methods Breast …

Study Design. A prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional analysis of data from the National
Spine Network database. Objectives. To compare the relative impact of radicular and axial …

Study Design. Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial observational and randomized cohort
participants with a confirmed diagnosis of intervertebral disc herniation (IDH) who received …