ContextLarge segments of the population at risk for osteoporosis and fracture have not
been evaluated, and the usefulness of peripheral measurements for short-term prediction of …

Background Treatment intervention thresholds for prevention of osteoporotic fractures can
be derived from reports from the World Health Organization (diagnostic criteria) and National …

Background Migraine is a common disabling disease but its economic burden has not been
adequately quantified. Objective To estimate the burden of migraine in the United States …

Workforce productivity has become a critical factor in the strength and sustainability of a
company’s overall business performance. Absenteeism affects productivity; however, even when …

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and estimate total costs
for chronic health conditions in the US workforce for the Dow Chemical Company (Dow). …

Osteoporosis and 1‐year fracture risk were studied in 197,848 postmenopausal American
women from five ethnic groups. Weight explained differences in BMD, except among blacks, …

Purpose Real‐world evidence (RWE) includes data from retrospective or prospective
observational studies and observational registries and provides insights beyond those addressed …

Objectives: Health insurers, physicians, and patients worldwide need information on the
comparative effectiveness and safety of prescription drugs in routine care. Nonrandomized …

Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a risk factor for fracture. Although the current “gold
standard” test is DXA of the hip and spine, this method is not universally available. No large …

Objective: This study reports the reliability and validity of the 13-item Stanford Presenteeism
Scale (SPS). The SPS differs from similar scales by focusing on knowledge-based and …