Article Figures & Data
Tables
No. Research Theme Papers Reviewed No. Reference Citations 1 What is the best conceptual definition of continuity? 17 10,13-28 2 What is the best way to measure continuity of care? 17 13,14,20-22,29-40 3 Are patients who receive interpersonal continuity more satisfied with their care? 31 12,14,16,33,41-67 4 What patient characteristics correlate with choosing an interpersonal continuity model? 20 36,44,46,48,49,51,52,58,62,68-78 5 Is health care better in any measurable way when delivered in interpersonal continuity? 54 5,6,13,14,17,25,35,36,42,45,53-56,60,61,64,66-68,74,79-110 6 Are physicians more satisfied with practice when an interpersonal continuity model is followed? 12 14,16,42,52,53,55,61,62,67,111-113 7 Is health care less expensive when delivered in interpersonal continuity? 20 42,53,54,57,61,66,80,72,84,88,90-92,108,114-119 8 Can interpersonal continuity be improved by organizing a practice in a particular way? 22 12,17,33,46,52-55,59,63,69,76,94,120-128 9 Why do patients leave the care of a physician with whom they have interpersonal continuity? 13 4-6,58,69,71,73,126,129-133 10 What do primary care physicians value regarding continuity of care? 21 10,13,16,17,23,26,27,33,52,61,62,77,85,112,122,134-139 11 What do patients value regarding continuity of care? 18 16,17,33,44,46,49,51,52,59,60,62,65,69,70,104,131,136,140 12 Does geographic continuity matter to patients? 10 28,41,70,79,80,135,141-144 13 How are changes in the health care system affecting continuity? 16 4-6,9-12,61,76,114,120,133,141,142,144,145 - Table 2.
References Addressing Theme 2: What Is the Best Way to Measure Continuity of Care?
Reference Primary Research Question Bice & Boxerman, 197730 How can continuity of care best be measured? Ejlertsson & Berg, 198434 How do the quantitative measures of continuity compare with one another? Eriksson & Mattsson 198320 How can continuity of care be defined and measured? Given,198540 How consistent are three measures of continuity? Godkin & Rice,198437 How can continuity of care be measured? Hansen,197513 How can continuity of care best be measured? Magill & Senf,198731 How can continuity of care best be measured in a residency? Murata,199329 How can family continuity be measured? Patten & Friberg, 198032 How can continuity of care best be measured in a residency program? Pereira Gray,197933 How can personal patient lists assure ongoing personal care in a group practice? Rogers & Curtis,198021 How can continuity of care best be defined? Roos et al, 198036 Is objectively measured continuity of care associated with any measurable improvement in outcome quality? Shortell,197622 How can continuity of care best be defined and measured? Smedby et al,198639 Do various methods of measuring continuity correlate with one another? Starfield et al,197635 What can be done to improve coordination as measured by recognition of patient information? Steinwachs,197938 Do various methods of measuring continuity of care correlate with one another? Wall,198114 How can continuity of care best be defined and studied? Level of Continuity Description 1. Informational An organized collection of medical and social information about each patient is readily available to any health care professional caring for the patient. A systemic process also allows accessing and communicating about this information among those involved in the care 2. Longitudinal In addition to informational continuity, each patient has a “medical home” where the patient receives most health care, which allows the care to occur in an accessible and familiar environment from an organized team of providers. This team assumes responsibility for coordinating the quality of care, including preventive services 3. Interpersonal In addition to longitudinal continuity, an ongoing relationship exists between each patient and a personal physician. The patient knows the physician by name and has come to trust the physician on a personal basis. The patient uses this physician for basic health services and depends on the physician to assume personal responsibility for the patient’s overall health care. When the personal physician is not available, a coverage arrangement assures that longitudinal continuity occurs Instruments Interpersonal Continuity References Using This Measure Instruments Interpersonal Continuity References Using This Measure Measures that do not require an assigned provider Measures that require an assigned provider Continuity of Care Index (COC)30-32,34,36-40 Christakis et al, 2000110 Christakis et al, 1999118 Flynn, 198545 Roos et al, 198036 Sloane & Eglehoff, 198375 Wasson et al, 198466 Duration of relationship14 Hjortdahl, 199283 Hjortdahl & Laerum, 199247 Love & Mainous, 199969 Mainous et al, 200160 Overland et al, 200168 Weiss & Bluestein, 199684 Number of Providers Seen (NOP)20 Raddish et al, 1999117 Shortell et al, 197749 Rate of provider turnover14 Most Frequent Provider Continuity (MFPC)40,121 Merenstein et al, 2001121 Sequential Continuity Index (SECON)20,34,37,38,40 Phillips & Shear, 198488 Pilotto et al, 199673 Shear et al, 198364 Wasson et al, 198466 Index Provider Identification35 Meredith et al, 2001114 Starfield et al, 197635 Susman et al, 198981 Wasson et al, 198466 Likelihood of Continuity Index (LICON)20,34,38 Likelihood of Sequential Continuity Index (LISECON)20,38 Patient survey, interview, or questionnaire Breslau, 198251 Breslau & Mortimer, 198144 Ettlinger & Freeman, 198187 Ettner, 1996109 Ettner, 199997 Gill et al, 200282 Hanninen et al, 2001101 Hennelly & Boxerman, 197992 Hjortdahl & Borchgrevink, 1991116 Hjortdahl & Laerum, 199247 Howie et al, 1999104 Kearley et al, 200162 Kingston, 198358 Kogan et al, 1995133 Lambrew et al, 200278 Love et al, 200048 O’Connor et al, 1998103 O’Malley et al, 199789 Herfindahl Index (HH)20,39 Modified Continuity Index (MCI)31,37 Gill & Mainous, 199890 Gill et al, 2000115 Neher et al, 2001124 Sturmberg & Schattner, 2001100 Modified, Modified Continuity Index (MMCI)31 Gill & Mainous, 199890 Gill et al, 2000115 Neher et al, 2001124 Index of Concentration (CON)22,38 GINI Index of Concentration (GINI)22,38 K Index (K)34,39 FRAC Index (FRAC)36 Roos et al, 198036 Measures of family continuity Measures that require an assigned provider Family Care measure (FC)29 Family Mean Continuity Index (FMCI)37 Usual Provider Continuity Index (UPC)20,31,32,34,38,39,120 Blankfield et al, 1990113 Boss & Timbrook, 200196 Breslau & Haug, 197663 Breslau & Reeb, 1975120 Cornelius, 199772 Flocke et al, 19975 Forrest & Starfield, 1998128 Freeman & Richards, 1994105 Freeman & Richards, 199346 Freeman & Richards, 199076 Goldberg & Dietrich, 1985139 Kibbe et al, 1993123 Mainous et al, 200160 Mainous & Gill, 199891 Roland et al, 198652 Smith, 199553 Wasson et al, 198466 Family Continuity of Care Index (FCOC)37
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