Research ArticleOriginal Research
Prognosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment in General Practice: Results of the German AgeCoDe Study
Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Marion Eisele, Birgitt Wiese, Jana Prokein, Melanie Luppa, Tobias Luck, Frank Jessen, Horst Bickel, Edelgard Mösch, Michael Pentzek, Angela Fuchs, Sandra Eifflaender-Gorfer, Siegfried Weyerer, Hans-Helmut König, Christian Brettschneider, Hendrik van den Bussche, Wolfgang Maier, Martin Scherer, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller and The Study on Aging, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) Study Group
The Annals of Family Medicine March 2014, 12 (2) 158-165; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1596
Hanna Kaduszkiewicz
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MDRoles: Prof
Marion Eisele
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDBirgitt Wiese
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MScJana Prokein
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MScMelanie Luppa
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDTobias Luck
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDFrank Jessen
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MDRoles: Prof
Horst Bickel
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDEdelgard Mösch
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDMichael Pentzek
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDAngela Fuchs
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MScSandra Eifflaender-Gorfer
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDSiegfried Weyerer
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDRoles: Prof
Hans-Helmut König
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MD, MPHRoles: Prof
Christian Brettschneider
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MScHendrik van den Bussche
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
PhDRoles: Prof
Wolfgang Maier
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MDRoles: Prof
Martin Scherer
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MDRoles: Prof
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
MDRoles: Prof
Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (Kaduszkiewicz, Eisele, van den Bussche, Scherer); Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (Wiese, Prokein); Institute of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (Kaduszkiewicz); Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany (Luppa, Luck, Riedel-Heller); Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany (Jessen, Maier); Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany (Bickel, Mösch); Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany (Pentzek, Fuchs); Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Eifflaender-Gorfer, Weyerer); Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (König, Brettschneider); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (Maier, Jessen).
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- Are there implications of diagnosing individuals likely to revert from mild cognitive impairment?Darren M. LipnickiPublished on: 20 March 2014
- Published on: (20 March 2014)Page navigation anchor for Are there implications of diagnosing individuals likely to revert from mild cognitive impairment?Are there implications of diagnosing individuals likely to revert from mild cognitive impairment?
- Darren M. Lipnicki, Researcher.
- Other Contributors:
Show MoreThe recent paper by Kaduszkiewicz and Eisele et al. (1) supports research by ourselves (2) and others showing that many individuals classified as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) do not progress to dementia, and that a large proportion spontaneously revert to normal cognitive functioning. It also adds to the growing body of evidence supplied by this research for factors that identify individuals likely to revert,...
Show LessThe recent paper by Kaduszkiewicz and Eisele et al. (1) supports research by ourselves (2) and others showing that many individuals classified as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) do not progress to dementia, and that a large proportion spontaneously revert to normal cognitive functioning. It also adds to the growing body of evidence supplied by this research for factors that identify individuals likely to revert, in both primary care and community-based samples. The authors conclude that individuals with indicators of reversion should not be alarmed at receiving a formal diagnosis of mild neurocognitive disorder, the name under which MCI was recently incorporated into the DSM-5.(3)
However, the situation may be a little more nuanced for individuals likely to revert from MCI but who nevertheless receive a formal diagnosis of mild neurocognitive disorder. There is some evidence that those who revert may be at increased risk of future retransitioning into MCI or dementia.(4,5) In one study, the hazard ratio for dementia in reverters was 6.6 compared to controls over a median 5.1 years follow-up.(4) Also noteworthy is a recent finding that informing older adults they have an APOE genotype associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's Disease negatively impacts their self-reported memory ratings and performance on objective memory tests.(6) The authors of that study suggested that there may be similar consequences of disclosing the presence of other factors associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's Disease. A formal diagnosis of a condition widely thought of as a stepping stone to dementia could be considered as one such factor, and thus potentially work as a self-fulfilling prophecy to prolong MCI or mild neurocognitive disorder. This idea needs to be verified, but warrants consideration by clinicians. A diagnosis of MCI or mild neurocognitive disorder is therefore not without prognostic implications and individual burden, and deserves to be supported by strong clinical evidence and careful consideration.
1. Kaduszkiewicz H, Eisele M, Wiese B, et al. Prognosis of mild cognitive impairment in general practice: Results of the German AgeCoDe study. Ann Fam Med. 2014;12:158-165.
2. Sachdev PS, Lipnicki DM, Crawford J, et al. Factors predicting reversion from mild cognitive impairment to normal cognitive functioning: A population-based study. PLoS One. 2013;8:e59649.
3. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. DSM-5. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
4. Roberts RO, Knopman DS, Mielke MM, et al. Higher risk of progression to dementia in mild cognitive impairment cases who revert to normal. Neurology. 2014; 82(4):317-325.
5. Koepsell TD, Monsell SE. Reversion from mild cognitive impairment to normal or near-normal cognition: risk factors and prognosis. Neurology. 2012;79(15):1591-1598.
6. Lineweaver TT, Bondi MW, Galasko D, Salmon DP. Effect of knowledge of APOE genotype on subjective and objective memory performance in healthy older adults. Am J Psychiatry. 2014;171:201-208.Competing interests: None declared
Competing Interests: None declared.
In this issue
Prognosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment in General Practice: Results of the German AgeCoDe Study
Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Marion Eisele, Birgitt Wiese, Jana Prokein, Melanie Luppa, Tobias Luck, Frank Jessen, Horst Bickel, Edelgard Mösch, Michael Pentzek, Angela Fuchs, Sandra Eifflaender-Gorfer, Siegfried Weyerer, Hans-Helmut König, Christian Brettschneider, Hendrik van den Bussche, Wolfgang Maier, Martin Scherer, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, The Study on Aging, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) Study Group
The Annals of Family Medicine Mar 2014, 12 (2) 158-165; DOI: 10.1370/afm.1596
Prognosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment in General Practice: Results of the German AgeCoDe Study
Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Marion Eisele, Birgitt Wiese, Jana Prokein, Melanie Luppa, Tobias Luck, Frank Jessen, Horst Bickel, Edelgard Mösch, Michael Pentzek, Angela Fuchs, Sandra Eifflaender-Gorfer, Siegfried Weyerer, Hans-Helmut König, Christian Brettschneider, Hendrik van den Bussche, Wolfgang Maier, Martin Scherer, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, The Study on Aging, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) Study Group
The Annals of Family Medicine Mar 2014, 12 (2) 158-165; DOI: 10.1370/afm.1596
