Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Schematic Representation of the Analytic Methodology
Tables
Characteristic Number of participants Female 13 Male 3 White 16 Age 31–40 1 41–50 3 51–60 3 61–70 4 Older than 70 5 Education High school graduate 2 Some college 7 College graduate 5 Post-college 2 Annual income < $15,000 7 $15,001–$30,000 3 $30,001–$45,000 2 $45,001–$60,000 3 No answer 1 Health insurance None 4 Medicare 8 Medicaid 1 Managed care 2 No answer 1 Characteristic Number of participants† * Mean number of conditions, 4.3 (range, 3–7). Median number of conditions, 4.0. † Each of the following diagnoses was reported by one subject: arrhythmia, stroke, chronic sinusitis, varicose veins, neuropathy, alcoholism, incontinence. Medical condition† Osteoarthritis 12 Hypertension 11 Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 7 Diabetes 5 Other musculoskeletal diagnosis 4 Other psychiatric diagnosis 4 Vision problem 4 Coronary artery disease 3 Migraine 3 Obesity 2 Gastroesophageal reflux 2 Congestive heart failure 1 Depression, ever 14 Current treatment 6 No current treatment 8 Overall health status Excellent 0 Very good 1 Good 7 Fair 7 Poor 1 Potential barrier to self-care Number of participants citing category* Examples (quotations) COPD = Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. *Mean number of barriers to self-care mentioned by respondents, 7.7 (range, 5–11). Compound effects of conditions 14 Can’t exercise for diabetes due to the breathing. Physical limitations/adaptations to limitations caused by conditions 14 Hard to get around and do what I used to. Compound effects of medications (therapeutic and side effects) 9 Medication for one affects another health problem. Schedule and coordination of medications 9 Hard to keep on top of needing different medications at different times. Total burden of medications 6 I don’t like taking all this medicine. Side effects of medications 5 Medicine for blood pressure makes me feel bad. Lack of knowledge about conditions 8 I didn’t know you could treat diabetes. Financial constraints 8 Need to pay for medicines ... financial issues. Low self-efficacy or sense of loss of control 8 Feel like I’m falling apart. This has been a bad year. Burden of the dominant effect of a single condition 8 Loss of vision is worse than COPD or arthritis. Emotional impact of diseases 7 List of problems makes me worry about health. Inadequate communication with providers 7 Not everybody is the same and needs the same treatment. Need for or use of social support 7 It’s a team effort between the two of us [husband and wife]. Logistical issues 3 Have to go to the doctor more. Need for understanding conditions. 3 Society, parents, teachers need to try to understand chronic
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