Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Study Eligibility Flow Chart
Tables
Study, Year Quality Time Education Support Written Materials Intervention Breastfeeding N/Total (%) Control Breastfeeding N/Total (%) Difference % * P < .05. Initiation McEnery & Rao, 198633 Poor Yes No No 7/16 (44) 16/51 (31) 13 Hill, 198722 Fair Yes No Yes 19/31 (61)* 15/33 (46)* 15 Kistin et al, 199020 Fair Yes No No 17/38 (45)* 13/56 (23)* 22 Oakley & Rajan, 199024 Fair No Yes No 105/230 (46) 89/226 (39) 7 Rossiter, 199435 Poor Yes No Yes 73/104 (70)* 28/74 (38)* 32 Brent et al, 199523 Fair Yes Yes No 33/58 (57)* 18/57 (32)* 25 Sciacca et al, 199526 Poor Yes Yes No 26/26 (100)* 24/29 (83)* 17 Loh et al, 199731 Poor No No Yes 43/98 (44) 30/98 (32) 12 Reifsnider & Eckhart, 199745 Poor Yes No No 13/14 (93) 13/17 (77) 17 Short term Kaplowitz & Olson, 198332 Poor 2 mo No No Yes 5/18 (28) 5/22 (23) 5 Wiles, 198434 Poor 1 mo Yes No No 18/20 (90) 6/20 (30) 60 Jones & West, 198537 Poor 4 wk No Yes No 191/228 (84)* 255/355 (72)* 12 Hill, 198722 Fair 6 wk Yes No Yes 12/31 (39)* 10/33 (30)* 9 Kistin et al, 199020 Fair < 6 wk Yes No No 8/38 (21) 8/56 (14) 7 Serafino-Cross & Donovan, 199225 Fair 2 mo No Yes No 16/26 (62) 9/26 (35) 27 Rossiter, 199435 Poor 4 wk Yes No Yes 52/104 (50)* 19/74 (26)* 24 Brent et al, 199523 Fair 2 mo Yes Yes No 19/51 (37)* 5/57 (9)* 28 Redman et al, 199529 Fair 6 wk Yes Yes Yes 64/81 (79) 68/83 (82) (−) 3 Sciacca et al, 199526 Poor 2 mo Yes Yes No 21/26 (81)* 9/29 (31)* 50 Duffy et al, 199719 Fair < 6 wk Yes No No 32/35 (92)* 10/35 (29)* 63 Loh et al, 199731 Poor 4 wk No No Yes 29/38 (76) 17/27 (63) 10 Long term Jones & West, 198537 Poor 6 mo No Yes No 86/228 (38) 98/355 (28) 10 Frank et al, 198727 Poor 4 mo No Yes Yes 103/163 (63) 90/160 (56) 7 Rossiter, 199435 Poor 6 mo Yes No Yes 26/101 (26) 12/74 (16) 10 Brent et al, 199523 Fair 6 mo Yes Yes No 7/51 (14) 4/57 (7) 7 Redman et al, 199529 Fair 4 mo Yes Yes Yes 42/75 (56) 45/77 (58) (−) 2 Curro et al, 199730 Good 6 mo Yes No Yes 61/103 (59) 50/97 (52) 7 Pugh & Milligan, 199821 Fair 6 mo Yes Yes No 15/30 (50) 8/30 (27) 23 Main Effects (Meta-Regression) Combined Effects Breastfeeding Studies (Subjects) No. Education Mean Difference % (95% CI) Support Mean Difference % (95% CI) Studies (Subjects) No. Education plus Support Mean Difference % (95% CI) CI = confidence interval. Initiation 8 (1,060) 23 (12–34) 6 (−2–15) 2 (170) 21 (7–35) Short-term 10 (1,408) 39 (27–50) 11 (3–19) 2 (163) 36 (22–49) Long-term 7 (1,601) 4 (−6–16) 8 (2–16) 2 (168) 13 (1–25)
Supplemental Table. Populations and Interventions in Studies of Clinically-based Interventions to Promote Breastfeeding
Files in this Data Supplement:
- Supplemental Table - PDF file, 4 pages, 1.18 MB.
Behavioral Interventions to Promote Breastfeeding: Recommendations and Rationale From the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
A full-text version of the USPSTF recommendations and rationale for behavioral interventions to promote breastfeeding.
Files in this Data Supplement:
- Full-text USPSTF Recommendations and Rationale - PDF file, 5 pages, 1.19 MB.
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