Trends in the Gender Ratio of Authorship at the Robert Graham Center

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Figure 1
Percent female authorship and researchers (weighted), 2008-2018.

Table 1

Robert Graham Center Authorship and Researchers by Gender, 2008-2018

Year	Total	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	P Value
No. of Publications
First author													<0.01
Female, No.	79	3	4	5	1	6	8	7	9	22	7	7
Total	229	16	14	17	17	17	23	30	24	31	21	19
Female, %	34.5	18.8	28.6	29.4	5.9	35.3	34.8	23.3	37.5	71.0	33.3	36.8
Second author													<0.01
Female, No.	71	3	3	5	4	4	4	8	11	12	8	9
Total	228	16	14	17	17	17	22	30	24	31	21	19
Female, %	31.1	18.8	21.4	29.4	23.5	23.5	18.2	26.7	45.8	38.7	38.1	47.4
Last author													<0.01
Female, No.	29	1	2	5	3	1	1	2	6	5	2	1
Total	217	16	13	14	17	16	22	29	21	31	19	19
Female, %	13.4	6.3	15.4	35.7	17.6	6.3	4.5	6.9	28.6	16.1	10.5	5.3
Any author													<0.01
Female, No.	136	6	7	12	7	11	11	15	19	25	12	11
Totala	229	22	20	28	24	28	34	44	41	55	32	29
Female, %	59.4
Unique authors													0.637
First author
Female, No.	53	3	3	4	1	6	5	5	5	17	2	2
Total	111	11	4	11	8	7	10	13	10	22	8	7
Female, %	47.7	27.3	75.0	36.4	12.5	85.7	50.0	38.5	50.0	77.3	25.0	28.6
Second author													0.915
Female, No.	43	3	3	4	4	2	4	5	5	7	1	5
Total	87	6	9	7	9	9	9	6	7	11	7	7
Female, %	49.4	50.0	33.3	57.1	44.4	22.2	44.4	83.3	71.4	63.6	14.3	71.4
Last author													<0.01
Female, No.	18	0	2	2	1	1	1	1	5	2	2	1
Total	64	3	7	7	6	5	5	5	7	8	5	6
Female, %	28.1	0.0	28.6	28.6	16.7	20.0	20.0	20.0	71.4	25.0	40.0	16.7
Any author													0.529
Female, No.	97	5	6	10	6	7	8	11	13	20	5	6
Total	203	16	13	21	20	16	17	20	20	29	16	15
Female, %	47.8	31.3	46.2	47.6	30.0	43.8	47.1	55.0	65.0	69.0	31.3	40.0
Researchers (weighted by month)													0.419
Female, No.	55.33	2.67	1.83	1.75	3.25	4.75	5.17	7.50	7.08	6.75	6.75	7.83
Total	127.0	7.75	8.17	8.67	8.75	9.25	9.00	14.50	14.50	15.25	15.75	15.42
Female, %	43.6	34.4	22.4	20.2	37.1	51.4	57.4	51.7	48.9	44.3	42.9	50.8

a Publications are counted multiple times for the category “Number of Publications - Any Author” as some have both male and female authors as first, second, or last author.