Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Decision tree used for the cost-benefit analysis.
- Figure 2:
Cost-benefit for testing or treatment for different probability of influenza.
Note: Lines represent cost of illness episode based on the following strategies: Treat all (diamonds), test and treat patient with positive test results (squares), and treat none (triangles).
- Figure 3:
Threshold analysis for individual benefit.
Note: Either empiric treatment (3A) or test before treatment (3B) is preferred to no treatment for amantadine (diamonds), rimantadine (squares), zanamivir (triangle), and oseltamivir (X).
Tables
Variable Baseline Assumption Sensitivity Test Range * For benefits, a threshold analysis was performed (see Figure 3 and text). Cost assumptions Cost of diagnostic test, $ 20.00 5–30 Benefits of recovery, $ 177.20 * Additional physician visit for drug reaction, $ 40.48 32.38–48.54 Complication with hospitalization, $ 8,960.20 7,175–10,763 Medication costs (full course of therapy) Amantadine, $ 10.50 8.40–12.60 Rimantadine, $ 24.08 19.26–28.90 Zanamivir, $ 49.35 39.48–59.22 Oseltamivir, $ 61.00 48.80–73.20 Probability assumptions Test sensitivity, % 72.5 50–95 Test specificity, % 90.0 80–00 Probability of drug side effect, % 3.0 0–6 Probability of influenza complication, % 0.5 0.3–5 Drug Prescribed No Treatment % Test Before Treatment % Empiric Treatment % Note: Based on probability that a high-risk patient has influenza: population probability where strategy is most cost-beneficial. Amantadine <5 -- ≥5 Rimantadine <11 -- ≥11 Zanamivir <19 ≥19 but ≤28 >28 Oseltamivir <22 ≥22 but ≤36 >36
