Improving Equity Through Primary Care: Proceedings of the 2019 Toronto International Conference on Quality in Primary Care

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)

Department of Family and Community Medicine, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (O’Neill, O’Brien, Kidd, Kiran); Department of Family and Community Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); UT Health School of Public Health, San Antonio, Texas (Ferrer); General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Watt); Department of Family and Community Medicine and Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network (SIREN), University of California, San Francisco, California (Gottlieb); Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Insti tute of St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Pinto, Kiran); Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Community Health Centre Watersportbaan, Gent, Belgium (Willems); Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (Currie, Leitch); Hearing Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (Currie); University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia (Leitch); Provincial Patient Family Advisory Council, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Inner City Family Health Team, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Canadian and Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness, Totonto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Homeless Connect Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Zsager); Coordinator, Voices from the Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Harriott); Principal Medical Advisor & Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Department of Health, Australia, Woden, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); Australian National University, Canberra, Australia (Kidd); World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Family Medicine and Primary Care, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kidd, Kiran, O’Brien, O’Neill, Pinto); Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Kidd); Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Kidd); Health Quality Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Kiran)